Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of control subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
| Variables | Control (n = 53) | T2DM (n = 53) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (Male/Female) | (24/29) | (33/20) |
| Age (years) | 42.5 ± 3 | 48 ± 3 |
| Body mass index (BMI, Kg/m2) | 23.4 ± 1 | 31.5 ± 2*** |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 165 ± 2.6 | 263 ± 4*** |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 95.4 ± 2.7 | 130 ± 18*** |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 50 ± 1.2 | 45.3 ± 1.2*** |
| Triglycerides (TG, mg/dL) | 107.7 ± 5.4 | 244.4 ± 15** |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 88.9 ± 1.5 | 191.8 ± 7.2*** |
| Fasting insulin (µU/mL) | 10.6 ± 0.5 | 25 ± 2*** |
| HOMA-IR | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 10 ± 1*** |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 8.5 ± 0.2** |
| SBP (mmHg) | 111 ± 9.3 | 136 ± 2.5*** |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72 ± 7 | 85 ± 2*** |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.6 ± 0.05 | 0.6 ± 0.06 |
| Obesity (%) | 55 | |
| Hypertension (%) | 80 | |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 75 | |
| Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 57 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard error. Values were compared between groups employing a Mann-Whitney test for independent samples;
**
P < 0.001;
***
P < 0.0001.
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin glycated; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment index-insulin resistance; HC, hypercholesterolemia; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.