Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Variables | Bipolar disorder group (n = 30) | Control group (n = 30) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 37.2 ± 11.2 | 40.8 ± 17.4 | 0.34 |
| Male/female n | 13/17 | 18/12 | 0.30 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118.4 ± 12.9 | 120.7 ± 18.2 | 0.57 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.8 ± 8.3 | 74.8 ± 8.8 | 0.66 |
| Hypertension n (%) | 5 (17%) | 1 (3%) | 0.19 |
| Diabetes mellitus n (%) | 3 (10%) | 1 (3%) | 0.61 |
| Hyperlipidemia n (%) | 2 (7%) | 3 (10%) | 0.50 |
| Smoking n (%) | 8 (27%) | 10 (30%) | 0.77 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 5.5 | 26.5 ± 4.8 | 0.06 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.5 ± 1.4 | 14.4 ± 1.7 | 0.06 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 86.8 ± 25.8 | 96.8 ± 15.2 | 0.11 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 175.1 ± 26.8 | 196.2 ± 39.4 | 0.06 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dl) | 46.6 ± 14.5 | 53.5 ± 26.0 | 0.31 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dl) | 91.7±27.4 | 111.5 ± 41 | 0.09 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 170.3 ± 100.6 | 148.2 ± 101.6 | 0.48 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl) | 20.7 ± 5.9 | 20.4 ± 7.2 | 0.88 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.76 ± 0.13 | 0.76 ± 0.11 | 0.99 |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone (ng/dl) | 1.92 ± 1.48 | 1.79 ± 0.75 | 0.72 |
| Serum lithium (ng/dl) | 0.74 ± 0.19 | ||
| Lithium dose (mg) | 900 ± 192 | - | - |