TABLE 2.
Clinical syndromes consistently (C) or hypothetically (H) associated with HHV-6 infections
| Stage of HHV-6 infection | Disease or symptoma |
|---|---|
| Primary infection (congenital) | Abnormalities at birth and during immediate postnatal period (H) |
| CNS developmental defects (H) | |
| Primary infection (postnatal) | Exanthema subitum (roseola infantum, sixth disease) (C) |
| Fever, seizures (C) | |
| Mild gastrointestinal and respiratory tract symptoms (C) | |
| Thrombocytopenia, infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome (C) | |
| Hepatitis, gastroenteritis, colitis (C) | |
| Meningoencephalitis and encephalitis (C) | |
| Hemophagocytic syndrome (H) | |
| Temporal lobe epilepsy (H) | |
| Reactivation (and possible reinfection) | Fever (C) |
| Rash (C) | |
| Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, bone marrow suppression (C) | |
| Hepatitis (C) | |
| Encephalitis, neurocognitive dysfunction (C) | |
| Retinitis (C) | |
| Pneumonitis (C) | |
| Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (C) | |
| Gastroenteritis, colitis (H) | |
| Temporal lobe epilepsy (H) | |
| Allograft rejection (H) | |
| Graft-versus-host disease (H) | |
| Thrombotic microangiopathy (H) | |
| Higher incidence and severity of infections with HCMV, fungi, and other opportunistic pathogens (H) | |
| Chronic latent infection (with possible sporadic reactivations) | Multiple sclerosis (H) |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis (H) | |
| Myocarditis, cardiomyopathy (H) | |
| Chronic fatigue syndrome (H) | |
| Acceleration of evolution to AIDS in HIV-positive individuals (H) | |
| Hodgkin's disease (H) |
a
HCMV, human cytomegalovirus; C or H, consistent or hypothetical association with HHV-6 (keeping in mind that robust large-scale studies are lacking in most cases, which makes this classification prone to frequent changes and subject to personal interpretation).