TABLE 2.

Selenate- and selenite-respiring bacteria capable of producing selenium nanoparticles by respiration of either selenate or selenite through dissimilatory metal reduction

Organism	Environment	Taxonomic affiliation	Electron donor(s)	Terminal electron acceptor(s)a	End product of Se respiration, Se nanosphere size (nm)	Reference(s)
Bacillus arseniciselenatis strain E1H	Mono Lake sediment, eastern California	Gram positive; Firmicutes	Lactate	SeO42−, AsO43−	Se0	43
Bacillus beveridgei strain MLTeJB	Mono Lake sediment, eastern California	Gram positive; Firmicutes		SeO42−, SeO32−, TeO32−, TeO42−, AsO43−, NO3−	Se0	46
Bacillus selenitireducens strain MLS10	Mono Lake sediment, eastern California	Gram positive; Firmicutes	Lactate, glucose	SeO32−	Se0, 200–400	43
Bordetella petrii	Enriched from sediment of the River Saale, Jena, Germany	Gram negative; Betaproteobacteria	Acetate	SeO42−, NO3−	Se0	45
Clostridium sp. BXM	Enriched from paddy soil, China	Gram positive; Firmicutes	Lactate	SeO42−, SeO32−, SO42−, SO32−, S0	Se0, 500	74
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans	Sediments of San Francisco Bay	Gram negative; Deltaproteobacteria	Lactate	SeO42−, SeO32−	Se0, Se(−II)	60
Desulfurispirillum indicum sp. S5	Estuarine sediment, Chennai, India	Gram negative; Chrysiogenetes	Pyruvate, lactate, acetate	SeO42−, SeO32−, AsO43−, NO3−	Se0	49
Deferribacteres S7	Estuarine sediment, Chennai, India	Gram negative; Deferribacteres	Acetate	SeO42−	SeO32−	47
Enterobacter cloacae SLD1a-1	Freshwater samples from San Luis Drain	Gram negative; Gammaproteobacteria	Glucose	SeO42−, SeO32−, NO3−	Se0	85
Pelobacter seleniigenes KM7	Enrichment culture from Kearny Marsh sediment (New Jersey)	Gram negative; Deltaproteobacteria	Acetate, pyruvate, lactate, citrate	SeO42−, Fe(III), NO3−, AQDS, S0	Se0	47
Pseudomonas stutzeri pn1	Laboratory contaminant	Gram negative; Gammaproteobacteria	Acetate	SeO42−	SeO32−	47
Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I	Drainage water from a selenium refinery plant, Japan	Gram negative; Gammaproteobacteria	Lactate	SeO42−	Se0, 200	87
Pyrobaculum sp. WIJ3	Isolated from hot springs of Pisciarelli Solfatara, Italy	Archaea	H2	SeO42−, AsO43−, S0	Se0	29
Pyrobaculum arsenaticum PZ6	Isolated from hot springs of Pisciarelli Solfatara, Italy	Archaea	H2	SeO42−, AsO43−, S0	Se0	29
Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA	Enrichment from sediments of ditch, Norman, OK	Gram negative; Deltaproteobacteria	Acetate, H2	SeO32− Fe(III)	Se0	54, 81
Rhodobacter capsulatus B10	Freshwater	Gram negative; Alphaproteobacteria	Photosynthesis	SeO32−	Se0	31
Rhodospirillum rubrum	Freshwater	Gram negative; Alphaproteobacteria	photosynthesis	SeO32−	Se0	31
Sedimenticola selenatireducens AK4OH1	Enrichment from sediments of Kesterson Reservoir, CA	Gram negative; Gammaproteobacteria	4-Hydroxybenzoate, 3-hydroxybenzoate, acetate, pyruvate, lactate	SeO42−, NO3−, NO2−	SeO32−, Se0	28, 47
Selenihalanaerobacter shriftii	Dead sea sediments, offshore of Masada, Israel	Gram positive; low G+C	Glucose, glycerol	SeO42−, SeO32−, NO3−	Se0, 200–400	44, 78
Shewanella sp. HN-41	Isolated from the coastal wetlands of Haenam Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea	Gram negative; Gammaproteobacteria	Lactate	SeO32−	Se0, 150–200	145
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1	Isolated from Oneida Lake, NY	Gram negative; Gammaproteobacteria	Lactate, pyruvate, formate	SeO32−, NO3−, Fe3+	Se0	55, 79
Sulfurospirillum barnesii SES-3	SeO42−-contaminated freshwater marsh, Nevada	Gram negative; Deltaproteobacteria	Lactate, H2	SeO42−, SeO32−, NO3−, AsO43−, Fe(III)	Se0, 200–400	15, 78
Thauera selenatis AX	Isolated from selenate-contaminated drainage water of San Joaquin Valley	Betaproteobacteria	H2	SeO42−, SeO32−, NO3−	Se0, 120; Se(−II)	80
Veillonella atypica	Isolated from subgingival dental plaque	Firmicutes	H2	SeO32−	Se0, Se(−II)	53

^aAQDS, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate.