Fig. 3.

JH activates the phospholipase C–calcium pathway. (A) The amount of PIP₂ at the plasma membrane decreased in Aag2 cells after exposure to JH-III. Aag2 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding GFP-PLCδ-PH or GFP-PKCγ-C1A and were stained with DAPI (blue) and the plasma membrane marker WGA (red). The PH domain of PLCδ binds with high affinity to PIP₂ and IP₃. The C1A domain of PKCγ has a high affinity for DAG. Subcellular translocation of the GFP reporters after JH treatment was captured using a confocal microscope at 1,000× magnification. Representative images are shown. (B) Intracellular calcium was quantitated after Aag2 cells were incubated with 1 µM of JH-III and the indicated chemicals that blocked the PLC–Ca²⁺ signaling pathway. Ethanol was used as a negative control. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3).