Expression of chemokines and transcription factors induced by NYVAC-C-ΔB8RB19R in human monocytic cells is type I IFN dependent. Human THP-1 monocytic cells were preincubated for 1 h with control or anti-IFN-α/β antibody (10 μg/ml) and then stimulated for 3 h with NYVAC-C, NYVAC-C-ΔB19R, and NYVAC-C-ΔB8RB19R (MOI, 5). (A) Gene expression levels were analyzed by RT-PCR, and the results are expressed as the ratio of gene to HPRT mRNA levels. A.U., arbitrary units. (B) Cell-free supernatants were collected after 24 h to quantify the concentrations of IFN-β and CXCL10/IP-10. Data are means ± SDs for triplicate samples from one experiment and are representative of those from three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05 for anti-IFN-α/β versus control antibody.