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Model of DDR activation during BKPyV infection. BKPyV viral DNA replication activates both the ATM- and ATR-mediated DDRs in primary kidney epithelial cells. The activated DDR can, in turn, suppress the host DNA damage caused by polyomavirus infection. In the absence of viral DNA replication, host DDRs are not fully activated. The lack of DDR activation results in an accumulation of host DNA damage.
