Table 1.
WNV vaccine for horse and candidate WNV vaccines for humans
| Compared features | WN-VAX | Duvaxyn WNV vaccine | Candidate vaccine from the Indian group [ 3 ] | VRC [ 4 ] | ChimeriVax-WN02 [ 5 ] | WN/DEN4Δ30 [ 6 ] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Inactivated | Inactivated | Inactivated | DNA-vectored vaccine | Live, attenuated chimeric vaccine | Live, attenuated chimeric vaccine |
| Immunogen | Whole virion (NY99) | Whole virion VM-2 | Whole virion WNIRGC07 | WNV prM/E (NY99) Vector: VR-1012 (CMV/R backbone). | WNV prM/E (NY99) Backbone: Yellow Fever vaccine 17D | WNV prM/E Backbone: dengue virus type 4 |
| Method of inactivation | Formalin treatment | Formalin treatment | Formalin treatment | NA | NA | NA |
| Adjuvant | None | Squalane | unknown | NA | NA | NA |
| Pluronic L121 | ||||||
| Polysorbate 80 | ||||||
| Preservative | None | Thimerosal | unknown | NA | NA | NA |
| Target species | human | horse | human | human | human | human |
| Stage of clinical trial | Pre -clinical | Commercial vaccine | Pre-clinical | Phase 1 | Phase II | Phase 1 |
NA: not applicable.