Table 3.
Body composition, nutritional status according to MNA score, and dietary intake
| Baseline | Adjusted baseline difference at 4 weeks | Adjusted baseline difference at 12 weeks | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (kg) | |||
| Leucine | 64.625 (3.692) [56.987, 72.263] | 0.634 (0.525) [−0.459, 1.726] | 0.571 (0.595) [−0.666, 1.808] |
| Control | 62.875 (3.692) [55.237, 70.513] | −0.226 (0.528) [−1.324, 0.872] | −0.228 (0.630) [−1.538, 1.083] |
| Differences | – | 0.859 (0.745) [−0.690, 2.408], P=0.262 | 0.799 (0.866) [−1.003, 2.600], P=0.367 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| Leucine | 26.600 (1.395) [23.714, 29.486] | 0.317 (0.205) [−0.110, 0.744] | 0.377 (0.228) [−0.098, 0.851] |
| Control | 26.033 (1.395) [23.147, 28.920] | −0.060 (0.206) [−0.488, 0.369] | −0.072 (0.238) [−0.568, 0.424] |
| Differences | – | 0.376 (0.291) [−0.229, 0.981], P=0.210 | 0.449 (0.330) [−0.238, 1.135], P=0.188 |
| Triceps skin fold (mm) | |||
| Leucine | 21.717 (2.117) [17.338, 26.095] | −0.016 (0.116) [−0.258, 0.225] | −0.022 (0.345) [−0.739, 0.695] |
| Control | 20.325 (2.117) [15.946, 24.704] | 0.170 (0.116) [−0.071, 0.411] | −0.213 (0.394) [−1.032, 0.605] |
| Differences | – | −0.186 (0.164) [−0.528, 0.155], P=0.269 | 0.191 (0.523) [−0.896, 1.279], P=0.718 |
| MUAMA (mm) | |||
| Leucine | 20.767 (0.844) [19.021, 22.513] | −0.016 (0.076) [−0.175, 0.143] | 0.396 (0.174) [0.033, 0.758] |
| Control | 21.583 (0.844) [19.837, 23.329] | −0.083 (0.075) [−0.240, 0.074] | −0.486 (0.185) [−0.871, −0.101] |
| Differences | – | 0.067 (0.107) [−0.156, 0.290], P=0.541 | 0.882 (0.252) [0.358, 1.407], P=0.002 |
| Calf circumference (mm) | |||
| Leucine | 33.325 (1.011) [31.233, 35.417] | 0.197 (0.108) [−0.029, 0.422] | 0.203 (0.102) [−0.009, 0.415] |
| Control | 33.433 (1.011) [31.341, 35.525] | 0.140 (0.108) [−0.085, 0.366] | −0.094 (0.118) [−0.340, 0.152] |
| Differences | – | 0.057 (0.153) [−0.262, 0.375], P=0.716 | 0.297 (0.156) [−0.028, 0.622], P=0.071 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | |||
| Leucine | 97.500 (3.521) [90.215, 104.78] | 1.096 (0.876) [−0.726, 2.918] | 1.122 (1.484) [−1.964, 4.207] |
| Control | 96.333 (3.521) [89.049, 103.62] | 0.562 (0.877) [−1.261, 2.385] | 0.293 (1.736) [−3.318, 3.904] |
| Differences | – | 0.534 (1.240) [−2.045, 3.113], P=0.671 | 0.828 (2.284) [−3.921, 5.578], P=0.721 |
| MNA | |||
| Leucine | 24.000 (1.126) [21.670, 26.330] | 1.099 (0.429) [0.207, 1.991] | 1.455 (0.974) [−0.570, 3.481] |
| Control | 23.500 (1.126) [21.170, 25.830] | 0.461 (0.431) [−0.434, 1.357] | 1.053 (1.243) [−1.532, 3.637] |
| Differences | – | 0.638 (0.608) [−0.627, 1.902], P=0.306 | 0.403 (1.579) [−2.882, 3.687], P=0.801 |
| Energy intake (kcal) | |||
| Leucine | 1,693.6 (66.473) [1,556.1, 1,831.1] | 32.866 (36.369) [−42.77, 108.50] | −2.872 (49.357) [−105.5, 99.771] |
| Control | 1,574.0 (66.473) [1,436.5, 1,711.5] | 87.443 (36.701) [11.119, 163.77] | 94.155 (64.242) [−39.44, 227.75] |
| Differences | – | −54.58 (52.274) [−163.3, 54.133], P=0.308 | −97.03 (83.650) [−271.0, 76.932], P=0.259 |
| Protein intake (g) | |||
| Leucine | 81.250 (2.537) [76.069, 86.431] | 4.404 (2.247) [−0.678, 9.486] | −2.905 (2.694) [−9.000, 3.189] |
| Control | 76.000 (2.537) [70.819, 81.181] | 10.123 (2.255) [5.022, 15.223] | 1.056 (3.353) [−6.528, 8.641] |
| Differences | – | −5.718 (3.244) [−13.06, 1.621], P=0.112 | −3.962 (4.415) [−13.95, 6.026], P=0.393 |
Notes: Values are least square means, (standard error of the mean), and [95% confidence interval].
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; MNA, Mini Nutritional Assessment; MUAMA, mid-upper arm muscle area.