Table 2.
Spatio-temporal gait parameters of study participants
| Gait variable | Mean (S.D.) | F, P -Value | Mean difference (95% CI) P- Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-fatigued (n = 80) | Fatigue (n = 44) | Healthy subjects (n = 25) | Non fatigue - fatigue | Fatigue - Healthy | Non fatigue - Healthy | ||
| Velocity (km/h) | 2.4 (1.0) | 1.7 (1.0) | 3.5 (0.7) | 25.4 (<0.001) | 0.7 (0.2, 1.1) P = 0.001* | −1.8 (-2.4, -1.2) P < 0.001* | −1.1 (-1.7, -0.6) P < 0.001* |
| Cadence (steps/min) | 96.1 (17.2) | 86.2 (21.4) | 100.6 (11.7) | 6.3 (0.002) | 9.9 (1.7, 18.0) P = 0.012* | −14.4 (-25.5, -3.3) P = 0.006* | −4.5 (-14.8, 5.7) P = 0.855 |
| Mean Step time (sec) | 0.65 (0.14) | 0.78 (0.40) | 0.60 (0.07) | 5.4 (0.005) | −0.13 (-0.24, -0.02) P = 0.015* | 0.18 (0.02, 0.33) P = 0.018* | 0.05 (-0.10, 0.18) P = 1.00 |
| Mean Step length (sec) | 40.2 (14.5) | 32.0 (14.9) | 58.1 (8.5) | 26.7 (<0.001) | 8.1 (1.8, 14.4) P = 0.07* | −26.1 (-34.7, -17.4) P < 0.001* | −17.9 (-25.9, -1.0) P < 0.001* |
| Mean Stance (%GC) | 68.0 (5.2) | 71.9 (6.5) | 64.3 (2.1) | 16.5 (<0.001) | −3.9 (-6.3, -1.5) P < 0.001* | 7.6 (4.3, 10.9) P < 0.001* | 3.7 (0.6, 6.7) P = 0.012* |
| Mean Single support (% GC) | 32.0 (5.2) | 28.1 (6.5) | 35.7 (2.1) | 16.4 (<0.001) | 3.9 (1.5, 6.3) P < 0.001* | −7.6 (-10.9, -4.3) P < 0.001* | −3.7 (-6.7, -0.7) P = 0.011* |
| Total Double support (% GC) | 36.1 (10.5) | 43.9 (13.1) | 28.6 (4.1) | 16.5 (<0.001) | −7.8 (-12.7, -3.0) P < 0.001* | 15.2 (8.6, 21.9) P < 0.001* | 7.4 (1.3, 13.5) P = 0.012* |
| Mean Step width (cm) | 13.6 (4.5) | 14.7 (3.7) | 11.1 (3.1) | 5.8 (0.004) | −1.1 (-3.0, 0.7) P = 0.430 | 3.6 (1.0, 6.1) P = 0.002* | 2.4 (0.1,4.8) P = 0.036* |
| Mean Stride time (sec) | 1.30 (0.28) | 1.56 (0.80) | 1.21 (0.15) | 5.4 (0.005) | −0.26 (-0.48, -0.04) P = 0.015* | 0.35 (0.05, 0.65) P = 0.018* | 0.09 (-0.19, 0.37) P = 1.00 |
| Mean Stride length (cm) | 80.3 (29.0) | 64.0 (29.8) | 116.2 (17.0) | 26.7 (<0.001) | 16.3 (3.6, 28.7) P = 0.007* | −52.1 (69.4, -34.9) P < 0.001* | −35.9 (-51.8, -20.0) P < 0.001* |
| Step length asymmetry (cm) | 2.7 (2.40) | 3.6 (3.28) | 1.8 (1.32) | 3.8 (0.025) | −0.9 (-2.0, 0.3) P = 0.237 | 1.8 (0.18, 3.4) P = 0.024* | 0.93 (-0.5, 2.4) P = 0.387 |
| Step time asymmetry (msec) | 0.03 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.07) | 0.01 (0.01) | 10.8 (<0.001) | −0.03 (-0.06, -0.008) P = 0.004* | 0.06 (0.027, 0.091) P < 0.001* | 0.03 (-0.002, 0.057) P = 0.08 |
| Single support asymmetry (GC%) | 2.2 (2.1) | 2.6 (2.6) | 0.7 (0.7) | 6.1 (0.003) | −0.40 (-1.4, 0.6) P = 0.983 | 1.9 (0.5, 3.2) P = 0.003* | 1.5 (0.3, 2.7) P = 0.012* |
| Stance asymmetry (GC%) | 2.2 (2.1) | 2.6 (2.7) | 0.7 (0.70 | 6.1 (0.003) | −0.4 (-1.4, 0.6) P = 0.921 | 1.9 (0.6, 3.3) P = 0.002* | 1.5 (0.3, 2.7) P = 0.012* |
*P<0.05.