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. 2015 Apr 20;10(4):e0122083. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122083

Fig 2. AMDE-1 can induce autophagy through AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathway.

Fig 2

(A) Wild-type MEFs and HeLa cells were treated with or without 10 μM of AMDE-1 for 6 h. Phosphorylation of S6 was detected by immunoblotting assay. (B-C) MEFs were treated with 10 μM AMDE-1 (B), or chloroquine (CQ, 40 μM) or E/P (E64D, 25 μM plus pepstatin A, 50 μM) (C) for different times as indicated and analyzed by Western blot. The zero time point represents no treatment. (D-E) MEFs expressing GFP-LC3 were treated with AMDE-1 alone or together with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 20 μM), U0126 (30 μM), or SP600125 (20 μM) for 6 h. GFP-LC3 puncta formation (D) and endogenous LC3 level were analyzed (E).