Table 1.
Selected socio-demographic characteristics of participants by food security status, CHAMACOS (Salinas, CA) and Proyecto Mariposa (Guanajuato, Jalisco, and Michoacán, Mexico) 2006.
| CHAMACOS (n=301) |
Proyecto Mariposa (n=301) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Total | Food secure | Low food security |
Very low food security |
p-valuea | Total | Food secure | Low food security |
Very low food security |
p-valuea |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Married or living as married | 0.61 | 0.96 | ||||||||
| No | 33 (11.0) | 20 (10.8) | 10 (11.4) | 5 (16.1) | 20 (6.6) | 5 (6.3) | 11 (7.4) | 5 (5.6) | ||
| Yes | 268 (89.0) | 166 (89.3) | 78 (88.6) | 26 (83.9) | 281 (93.4) | 74 (93.7) | 138 (92.6) | 84 (94.4) | ||
| Mother's education | 0.06 | 0.86 | ||||||||
| Elementary or less | 151 (50.2) | 88 (47.3) | 48 (54.6) | 18 (58.1) | 207 (68.8) | 51 (64.6) | 103 (69.1) | 63 (70.8) | ||
| Middle or high school | 105 (34.9) | 62 (33.3) | 32 (36.4) | 12 (38.7) | 88 (29.2) | 27 (34.2) | 43 (28.9) | 24 (27.0) | ||
| High school graduate or more | 45 (15.0) | 36 (19.4) | 8 (9.1) | 1 (3.2) | 6 (2.0) | 1 (1.3) | 3 (2.0) | 2 (2.3) | ||
| Mother currently works | 0.41 | 0.87 | ||||||||
| No | 177 (58.8) | 44 (37.6) | 32 (46.4) | 10 (47.6) | 193 (64.1) | 52 (65.8) | 96 (64.4) | 55 (61.8) | ||
| Yes | 124 (41.2) | 73 (62.4) | 37 (53.6) | 11 (52.4) | 108 (35.9) | 27 (34.2) | 53 (35.6) | 34 (38.2) | ||
| Father's education | 0.12 | 0.17 | ||||||||
| Elementary or less | 141 (53.6) | 82 (48.0) | 46 (63.9) | 16 (66.7) | 198 (68.0) | 46 (59.7) | 98 (68.5) | 64 (74.4) | ||
| Middle or high school | 95 (36.1) | 71 (41.5) | 19 (26.4) | 6 (25.0) | 91 (31.3) | 31 (40.3) | 44 (30.8) | 21 (24.4) | ||
| High school graduate or more | 27 (10.3) | 18 (10.5) | 7 (9.7) | 2 (8.3) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.2) | |||
| Father currently works | 0.83 | 0.41 | ||||||||
| No | 79 (26.3) | 33 (19.8) | 13 (16.5) | 6 (20.7) | 31 (11.0) | 2 (2.8) | 6 (4.6) | 6 (7.7) | ||
| Yes | 221 (73.7) | 134 (80.2) | 66 (83.5) | 23 (79.3) | 251 (89.0) | 69 (97.2) | 124 (95.4) | 72 (92.3) | ||
| Socioeocnomic status | 0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||||
| Low | 138 (46.0) | 73 (39.3) | 50 (56.8) | 18 (60.0) | 96 (32.1) | 17 (21.5) | 45 (30.6) | 43 (48.3) | ||
| Medium | 66 (22.0) | 42 (22.6) | 16 (18.2) | 8 (26.7) | 102 (34.1) | 25 (31.7) | 51 (34.7) | 29 (32.6) | ||
| High | 96 (32.0) | 71 (38.2) | 22 (25.0) | 4 (13.3) | 101 (33.8) | 37 (46.8) | 51 (34.7) | 17 (19.1) | ||
| Household size | 0.71 | 0.40 | ||||||||
| 4 members or fewer | 122 (40.5) | 80 (43.5) | 32 (37.2) | 10 (32.3) | 54 (17.9) | 16 (21.1) | 23 (15.9) | 15 (18.8) | ||
| 5–6 members | 143 (47.5) | 82 (44.6) | 44 (51.2) | 17 (54.8) | 151 (50.2) | 35 (46.1) | 81 (55.9) | 35 (43.8) | ||
| 7 members or more | 36 (12.0) | 22 (12.0) | 10 (11.6) | 4 (12.9) | 96 (31.9) | 25 (32.9) | 41 (28.3) | 30 (37.5) | ||
| Mother's years in the US | 0.42 | |||||||||
| 5–10 years | 157 (52.2) | 104 (55.9) | 40 (45.5) | 16 (51.6) | ||||||
| 11–15 years | 91 (30.2) | 53 (28.5) | 28 (31.8) | 11 (35.5) | ||||||
| 16+ | 53 (17.6) | 29 (15.6) | 20 (22.7) | 4 (12.9) | ||||||
| Mother currently farmworker | 0.09 | |||||||||
| No | 239 (79.4) | 155 (83.3) | 64 (72.7) | 23 (74.2) | ||||||
| Yes | 62 (20.6) | 31 (16.7) | 24 (27.3) | 8 (25.8) | ||||||
| Father currently farmworker | 0.22 | |||||||||
| No | 139 (46.2) | 94 (50.5) | 36 (40.9) | 12 (38.7) | ||||||
| Yes | 162 (53.8) | 92 (49.5) | 52 (59.1) | 19 (61.3) | ||||||
| Receive food assistance | 0.60 | |||||||||
| No | 60 (19.9) | 37 (20.1) | 15 (17.4) | 8 (25.8) | ||||||
| Yes | 241 (80.1) | 147 (79.9) | 71 (82.6) | 23 (74.2) | ||||||
| Family member currently in USb | 0.13 | |||||||||
| No | 132 (43.9) | 30 (38.0) | 64 (43.0) | 47 (52.8) | ||||||
| Yes | 169 (56.2) | 49 (62.0) | 85 (57.1) | 42 (47.2) | ||||||
a
p-value from Chi-square test or Fisher’s Exact test in cases of small sample size; p-value of ≤ 0.05 considered significant
b
Family member includes child's father or the current head of household and the mother's grandparents, parents, siblings, or other children