Table 3.

Genetic aberrations of TOP2A and related genes in human cancers

Protein	Gene alteration event	Cancer type	Ref.
TOP2A	Amplified or deleted (depending on cancer types)	Breast cancer, esophageal cancer, ovarian cancer, gallbladder cancer, oral cancer, hepatocellular cancer, prostate cancer	120-125
P53	Mutation, deletion, epigenetic silencing	Lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, hepatocellular cancer, head and neck cancer, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lymphoma	126-128
Rb	Mutation, deletion, epigenetic silencing	Lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, hepatocellular cancer, head and neck cancer, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lymphoma	126-128
Sp1	Overexpression	Breast carcinomas, thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinomas, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer	129,130
HMGB1	Overexpression	Gastric colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, skin cancer, pancreatic tumor, NSCLC, hepatocellular cancer, head and neck cancer, bladder cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma	131-135
Plk1	Mutation, overexpression	Melanoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, head and neck cancer, NSCLC, non-Hodgkin lymphoma	136
PKC	Mutation, up- or down-regulation (depending on cancer type)	Gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, hepatocellular cancer, basal cell cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cancer, B-cell lymphoma	137
p38γ	Overexpression	Breast cancer	138
BRCA1	Downregulation, mutation	Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer	99, 139-145
BRG1	Mutation	Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer	146-151
MDC1	Overexpression	Cervical cancer, breast cancer	152,153