Table 1.
Baseline characteristicsa of MASALA study participants by tertile of cystatin C-based estimated GFR, 2006–2007.
| Characteristic | Tertile of cystatin C-based estimated GFR | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Tertile 1, n = 50 (41.65–87.97 ml/min/1.73m2) | Tertile 2, n = 50 (88.34–101.14ml/min/1.73m2) | Tertile 3, n = 49 (101.53–131.43 ml/min/1.73m2) | P-value | |
| Age (years) | 62 ± 9 | 57 ± 7 | 53 ± 6 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 26 (52) | 23 (46) | 26 (53) | 0.75 |
| Alcohol (≥1 drink/week) | 19 (38) | 27 (54) | 28 (57) | 0.12 |
| Ever smoker | 11 (22) | 6 (12) | 8 (16) | 0.41 |
| Physical activity (METS/week) | 1339 (525, 2760) | 1501 (683, 3150) | 1155 (683, 2250) | 0.23 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129 ± 16 | 124 ± 17 | 120 ± 17 | 0.04 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72 ± 10 | 73 ± 12 | 73 ± 12 | 0.88 |
| Hypertension | 25 (50) | 22 (44) | 16 (33) | 0.21 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 97.6 (87.1, 115) | 94 (86.4, 102) | 92.5 (86.4, 111) | 0.81 |
| 2-h post-challenge glucose (mg/dL) | 163 (137, 227) | 133 (104, 174) | 140 (108, 204) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes | 14 (29) | 11 (22) | 15 (31) | 0.05 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 184 ± 38 | 194 ± 34 | 187 ± 28 | 0.30 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 108 ± 33 | 117 ± 31 | 112 ± 25 | 0.27 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 48 ± 13 | 50 ± 14 | 49 ± 14 | 0.72 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 122 (87, 178) | 121 (89, 159) | 109 (91, 156) | 0.78 |
| C-reactive protein (μg/ml) | 1.90 (0.87, 4.45) | 1.24 (0.75, 2.6) | 1.04 (0.47, 1.61) | 0.005 |
| Measures of renal function | ||||
| Creatinine–estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 75 ± 14 | 79 ± 12 | 93 ± 15 | <0.001 |
| Spot urine albumin to Cr ratio (μg/mg) | 8.0 (4.6, 17.4) | 6.3 (4, 9.9) | 5.1 (4.0, 8.6) | 0.07 |
| Body composition | ||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.6 ± 5.1 | 25.4 ± 5.1 | 25.5 ± 3.2 | 0.03 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 99.0 ± 13.5 | 95.4 ± 13.4 | 94.3 ± 9.7 | 0.14 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.95 ± 0.07 | 0.94 ± 0.07 | 0.95 ± 0.07 | 0.62 |
| Total fat (kg) | 26.6 ± 9.5 | 24.3 ± 8.7 | 22.9 ± 5.0 | 0.07 |
| Subcutaneous fat area (cm2) | 249 (202, 353) | 233 (170, 290) | 220 (172, 262) | 0.11 |
| Visceral fat area (cm2) | 146 ± 63 | 124 ± 57 | 131 ± 46 | 0.14 |
| Liver-minus-spleen (HU) | 11 (5.5, 16.5) | 13 (5, 17.8) | 13.5 (6, 19) | 0.57 |
| Liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio | 1.21 ± 0.21 | 1.21 ± 0.27 | 1.24 ± 0.22 | 0.73 |
| Fatty liver | 7 (15) | 11 (23) | 6 (14) | 0.49 |
a
Values represent n(%) for chi-square analyses, mean ± SD for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) for Kruskall–Wallis test. P-values resulted using the chi-square test, ANOVA or Kruskall–Wallis test as appropriate.