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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2012 Jul 11;161(6):1016–1021. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.05.049

Figure.

Figure

Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG). There is no arrow from poverty to birthweight due to the Latina birthweight paradox. In this Mexican-American immigrant population, there is no association between poverty and pre-pregnancy obesity, or between poverty and smoking.