Figure 4. Effects of OFF, OL, RANDOM, and CL stimulations on locomotion (mean ± S.E.M., scatter plot), and corresponding percentage of stimulation-on time (mean, red columns).

Repeated-measure analysis of variance showed that the main effect of different intervention on percentage of movement detected via automated video analysis was significant (p = 0.012). Post hoc pairwise comparisons (Bonferroni correction) indicated that the percentage of movement during CL was significantly lower than during OFF (p = 0.042). Percentages of stimulation-on time during RANDOM and CL were 43.86 ± 0.80% and 55.57 ± 4.56%, respectively. OFF: no stimulation, OL: open-loop stimulation, RANDOM: randomly-applied, CL: closed-loop. *: p<0.05.