Table 1.
Patient demographics, medical status, and operative data
| Patient demographics and comorbidity | |
| Median age at surgery (range), years | 66 (43–89) |
| Sex, no. | |
| Female | 124 (65%) |
| Male | 67 (35%) |
| Median body mass index (range), kg/m2 | 30 (21–50) |
| ASA risk score, no. | |
| I | 16 (8%) |
| II | 92 (48%) |
| III | 82 (43%) |
| IV | 1 (1%) |
| Self-reported comorbidities, n | |
| Hypertension | 106 (55%) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 42 (22%) |
| Pulmonary disease | 31 (16%) |
| Dermatological disease | 28 (15%) |
| Gastrointestinal disease | 22 (12%) |
| Genitourinary disease | 17 (9%) |
| Cancer or history of cancer | 14 (7%) |
| Neurological disease | 6 (3%) |
| Smoking, n | 22 (12%) |
| Earlier joint replacements, n | |
| None | 150 (79%) |
| Any | 41 (21%) |
| Clinical evaluation in this study | |
| State of glucose metabolism, n | |
| Normal | 91 (48%) |
| IFG and/or IGT (“pre-diabetes”) | 47 (24%) |
| Newly diagnosed diabetes | 17 (9%) |
| Previously diagnosed diabetes | 36 (19%) |
| Metabolic syndrome, n | 85 (45%) |
| Preoperative anemia, n | 10 (5%) |
| Renal function, na | |
| Normal | 100 (52%) |
| Mild insufficiency | 74 (39%) |
| Moderate insufficiency | 17 (9%) |
| Severe insufficiency | 0 |
| Operative data | |
| Simultaneous bilateral surgery, no. | 21 (11%) |
| Total joint replacement, no. | 182 (95%) |
| Prosthesis fixation, no. | |
| Cemented | 101 (53%) |
| Hybrid | 7 (4%) |
| Cementless | 83 (43%) |
| Median duration of surgery (range), min | 85 (44–225) |
| Median tourniquet time (range), min | 50 (0–129) |
| Median blood loss (range), mL | 150 (5–3100) |
| Blood transfusions, n | 24 (13%) |
| Closed suction drains, n | 114 (60%) |
a
Estimated, based on preoperative creatinine according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula.
SD: standard deviation; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; IFG: increased fasting glucose; IGT: impaired glucose tolerance.