Table 1.
Patient demographics and comorbidity | |
Median age at surgery (range), years | 66 (43–89) |
Sex, no. | |
Female | 124 (65%) |
Male | 67 (35%) |
Median body mass index (range), kg/m2 | 30 (21–50) |
ASA risk score, no. | |
I | 16 (8%) |
II | 92 (48%) |
III | 82 (43%) |
IV | 1 (1%) |
Self-reported comorbidities, n | |
Hypertension | 106 (55%) |
Cardiovascular disease | 42 (22%) |
Pulmonary disease | 31 (16%) |
Dermatological disease | 28 (15%) |
Gastrointestinal disease | 22 (12%) |
Genitourinary disease | 17 (9%) |
Cancer or history of cancer | 14 (7%) |
Neurological disease | 6 (3%) |
Smoking, n | 22 (12%) |
Earlier joint replacements, n | |
None | 150 (79%) |
Any | 41 (21%) |
Clinical evaluation in this study | |
State of glucose metabolism, n | |
Normal | 91 (48%) |
IFG and/or IGT (“pre-diabetes”) | 47 (24%) |
Newly diagnosed diabetes | 17 (9%) |
Previously diagnosed diabetes | 36 (19%) |
Metabolic syndrome, n | 85 (45%) |
Preoperative anemia, n | 10 (5%) |
Renal function, na | |
Normal | 100 (52%) |
Mild insufficiency | 74 (39%) |
Moderate insufficiency | 17 (9%) |
Severe insufficiency | 0 |
Operative data | |
Simultaneous bilateral surgery, no. | 21 (11%) |
Total joint replacement, no. | 182 (95%) |
Prosthesis fixation, no. | |
Cemented | 101 (53%) |
Hybrid | 7 (4%) |
Cementless | 83 (43%) |
Median duration of surgery (range), min | 85 (44–225) |
Median tourniquet time (range), min | 50 (0–129) |
Median blood loss (range), mL | 150 (5–3100) |
Blood transfusions, n | 24 (13%) |
Closed suction drains, n | 114 (60%) |
Estimated, based on preoperative creatinine according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula.
SD: standard deviation; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; IFG: increased fasting glucose; IGT: impaired glucose tolerance.