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. 2015 Apr 21;9:126. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00126

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Copyright © 2015 Gali Ramamoorthy, Begum, Harno and White.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Hypothalamic signaling controlling energy balance. POMC and AgRP/NPY neurons project from the ARC to the PVN to control food intake and energy balance. The signaling from these neurons can be influenced by GCs, Leptin, and Insulin. ARC, arcuate nucleus; AgRP, agouti-related peptide; GCs, glucocorticoids; GR, glucocorticoid receptor; IR, insulin receptor; LepR, leptin receptor; MC4R, melanocortic 4 receptor; α-MSH, α melanocyte stimulating hormone; NPY, neuropeptide Y; POMC, pro-opiomelanocortin; PVN, paraventricular nucleus; Y1/Y5, Y1 and Y5 receptors; 3V, 3rd Ventricle.