Table 2.

Results of paired t tests for 5 functional traits and 3 range characteristics across congeneric pairs of naturalized and invasive plants with comparable residence times in Australia^a

Trait	t	df	p	Naturalized mean	Invasive mean
Flowering duration (months)	1.8	55	0.04b	4.68	5.54
Leaf area (cm2)	−1.0	43	0.17	28.50	35.17
Maximum height (m)	−1.8	55	0.04b	4.30	5.50
Seed mass (mg)	0.5	44	0.31	39.39	41.07
SLA (cm2/g)	−2.2	21	0.02b	150.07	192.11
Biome occupancy (count)	−1.9	34	0.03b	4.71	5.63
Temperature breadth (°C)	−1.9	34	0.04b	16.28	18.35
Precipitation breadth (mm)	−1.8	34	0.04b	2,548	3,250

^aAll trait values (except flowering duration and biome occupancy) were log₁₀ transformed before analysis; however, mean values based on raw data are reported for ease of interpretation.

^bSignificant results at α = 0.05.