Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable analysis of factors associated with overall survival in high-risk patients.
| Characteristic | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age at surgery* | 1.43 (1.25, 1.64) | <0.001 | 1.33 (1.14, 1.54) | <0.001 |
| BMI* | 1.01 (0.92, 1.11) | 0.86 | ||
| Pulmonary disease† | 0.031 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.54 (1.04, 2.27) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease‡ | 0.67 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.16 (0.59, 2.26) | |||
| Diabetes | 0.48 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.15 (0.78, 1.69) | |||
| Smoking history | 0.65 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 0.93 (0.68, 1.28) | |||
| ASA score | <0.001 | 0.005 | ||
| ≤2 | Reference | Reference | ||
| >2 | 1.87 (1.39, 2.53) | 1.61 (1.16, 2.23) | ||
| 2009 FIGO stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Ia | Reference | Reference | ||
| Ib or II | 2.09 (1.17, 3.76) | 2.11 (1.11, 4.01) | ||
| IIIa, IIIb, IIIc1, or IIIc2 | 3.23 (2.08, 5.02) | 3.69 (2.17, 6.26) | ||
| IV | 7.65 (5.14,11.39) | 7.40 (4.50, 12.14) | ||
| LVSI | <0.001 | 0.002 | ||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 2.56 (1.90, 3.45) | 1.71 (1.22, 2.42) | ||
| Residual disease | <0.001 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 4.85 (3.48, 6.78) | |||
| Primary tumor diameter | 0.05 | |||
| ≤2 cm | Reference | |||
| >2 cm | 1.44 (0.99–2.09) | |||
| Cervical stromal invasion | <0.001 | 0.020 | ||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 3.18 (2.14, 4.73) | 1.71 (1.09, 2.69) | ||
| Myometrial invasion* | 1.18 (1.13, 1.23) | <0.001 | ||
| Gross extrauterine disease | <0.001 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 4.14 (3.02, 5.69) | |||
| Adnexal involvement | <0.001 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 3.55 (2.59, 4.86) | |||
| Serosal involvement | <0.001 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 3.69 (2.68, 5.08) | |||
| Peritoneal cytology | <0.001 | |||
| Negative | Reference | |||
| Positive | 3.38 (2.46, 4.65) | |||
| Laparotomy | 0.62 | |||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 0.85 (0.44, 1.63) | |||
| Pelvic lymph node status | <0.001 | |||
| No or inadequate/negative LND | 2.91 (1.97, 4.29) | |||
| Adequate/negative LND | Reference | |||
| Positive pelvic nodes | 3.57 (2.54, 5.01) | |||
| Paraaortic lymph node status | <0.001 | 0.015 | ||
| No or inadequate/negative LND | 1.90 (1.34, 2.69) | 1.37 (0.94, 2.01) | ||
| Adequate/negative LND | Reference | Reference | ||
| Positive para-aortic nodes | 4.38 (2.99, 6.42) | 1.91 (1.23, 2.97) | ||
| Adjuvant therapy | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| No adjuvant therapy | Reference | Reference | ||
| Vaginal BT or EBRT ± BT | 0.36 (0.23, 0.55) | 0.41 (0.25, 0.67) | ||
| Chemo ± BT or chemo and EBRT ± BT | 0.95 (0.67, 1.35) | 0.44 (0.29, 0.67) | ||
| 30-day postoperative complications | 0.002 | |||
| None or grade 1 | Reference | |||
| Grade 2 or 3 | 1.64 (1.20, 2.23) | |||
| Grade 4, 5, or 6 | 2.16 (1.12, 4.14) | |||
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; LND, lymphadenectomy; FIGO, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics; LVSI, lymphovascular space invasion; EBRT, external beam radiotherapy; BT, brachytherapy.
Hazard ratio per 10-year increase in age, 5-kg/m2 increase in BMI, and 10-unit increase in percent of myometrial invasion.
Pulmonary disease is defined as a report of at least one of the following: dyspnea, history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), current pneumonia, history of sleep apnea, or past/current CPAP use.
Cardiovascular disease defined as a report of at least one of the following: congestive heart failure (CHF) within 30 days, history of myocardial infarction (MI) within 6 months, previous cardiac stenting, previous cardiac surgery, history of angina within 30 days, history of revascularization/amputation for peripheral vascular disease (PVD), or rest pain/gangrene.