Table 5. Risk factors associated with Vitamin D deficiency, HIV-positive patients; multivariate analysis.

Risk Factor	OR (95% CI)
Black race	3.30 (2.30–4.74)
Higher GFR*	1.01 (1.00–1.01)
Winter/spring season	1.37 (1.03–1.83)
Advancing age*	0.97 (0.95–0.99)
Treatment **
No ARV	1
Tenofovir use with efavirenz	0.86 (0.55–1.33)
Tenofovir use without efavirenz	0.58 (0.37–0.89)
Any other ARV regimen without TDF	0.91 (0.57–1.47)

*Odds of Vitamin D deficiency is 0.73 for every 10-year increase in age and 1.21 for every 25-point increase in GFR

**at the time of Vitamin D level