Table 4.

Monte Carlo simulation results testing the hypothesis that the frequency and characteristics of collaboration ties remain stable from 2007 to 2010 and 2011 (n = 500 simulations)

	Grants Cohort Network				Publications Cohort Network
Network Statistic	Obs. 2007	MC Simulation Mean	MC Simulation 95% CI	Obs. 2010a	Obs. 2007	MC Simulation Mean	MC Simulation 95% CI	Obs. 2011b
Density	0.009	0.009	.007, .010	0.023	0.007	.007	.006, .008	0.009
Cross‐disciplinary ratio	1.21	1.22	0.87, 1.66	1.36	1.18	1.20	.874, 1.56	1.25
E‐I index	0.176	0.175	.014, .327	0.319	0.156	0.158	.008, .291	0.208
Modularity	0.140	0.138	.082, .196	0.054	0.093	0.102	.052, .155	0.071

^aDensity and modularity of the observed 2010 grant network fall outside of the 95% CI generated by the simulated 2007 network.

^bDensity of the observed 2011 publication network falls outside of the 95% CI generated by the simulated 2007 network.