Table 3. Standardized (upper) and unstandardized (lower) linear regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) for BMI, WC and WHtR by gender groups.
| Independent variable | BMI | WC a | WHtR a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |
| Model 1 | ||||||
| Non-smoking (reference) | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Ex-smoking | 0.037** | 0.009** † | 0.057** | 0.015** † | 0.049** | 0.014** † |
| 0.328** | 0.323** | 1.567** | 1.488** | 0.008** | 0.009** | |
| (0.280, 0.377) | (0.195, 0.451) | (1.418, 1.715) | (1.135, 1.840) | (0.007, 0.009) | (0.007, 0.012) | |
| Occasional smoking | -0.001 | 0.006** | 0.006* | 0.009** | 0.007* | 0.009** |
| -0.006 | 0.144** | 0.181* | 0.612** | 0.001* | 0.004** | |
| (-0.056, 0.045) | (0.056, 0.233) | (0.027, 0.334) | (0.370, 0.854) | (0.0002, 0.002) | (0.003, 0.006) | |
| Regular smoking | -0.093** | -0.025** † | -0.044** | -0.010** † | -0.061** | -0.011** † |
| -0.582** | -0.548** | -0.853** | -0.626** | -0.007** | -0.005** | |
| (-0.620, -0.544) | (-0.629, -0.467) | (-0.970, -0.736) | (-0.849, -0.403) | (-0.007, -0.006) | (-0.006, -0.003) | |
| Model 2 b | ||||||
| Pack-years/1000 | -0.031** | -0.022** † | 0.006* | -0.008** † | -0.007* | -0.010** |
| -0.013** | -0.062** | 0.007* | -0.066** | -0.00005* | -0.001** | |
| (-0.015, -0.011) | (-0.073, -0.052) | (0.001, 0.014) | (-0.095, -0.038) | (-0.00009, -0.00001) | (-0.001, -0.0003) | |
WC: waist circumference
WHtR: waist circumference/height ratio
* p<0.05,
** p<0.01 for coefficients different from 0
† P<0.05 for gender difference
a: BMI was not included in the models for adjustment.
b: Only nonsmokers and regular smokers were included.
Age, education, physical activity, alcohol use and survey site were included in models for adjustment.