Table 1.
Composition of ancient and modern wheat (Mean values and standard deviations)
| Ancient wheat (semolina) | Modern wheat (semolina) | Ancient wheat (flour) | Modern wheat (flour) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P |
| Ca (mg/kg) | 216·1 | 28·8 | 356·7 | 15·1 | 0·03 | 206·9 | 4·1 | 339·4 | 20·5 | 0·01 |
| Fe (mg/kg) | 40·9 | 0·42 | 17·2 | 0·12 | 0·001 | 30·4 | 0·81 | 17·2 | 0·12 | 0·002 |
| K (mg/kg) | 3658·7 | 138·2 | 3237·5 | 52·4 | 0·05 | 3469·8 | 74·2 | 2153·4 | 80·6 | 0·003 |
| Mg (mg/kg) | 1373·9 | 43·9 | 806·5 | 32·4 | 0·005 | 1289·2 | 38·3 | 538·4 | 40·9 | 0·003 |
| P (mg/kg) | 3192·3 | 106·5 | 2494·5 | 16·9 | 0·01 | 3058·4 | 27·9 | 1708·1 | 15·9 | < 0·0001 |
| Se (mg/kg) | 1·59 | 0·17 | 0·74 | 0·09 | 0·02 | 1·51 | 0·31 | 0·47 | 0·05 | 0·04 |
| Zn (mg/kg) | 28·3 | 1·26 | 20·4 | 0·63 | 0·02 | 25·8 | 0·36 | 17·3 | 0·72 | 0·04 |
| Polyphenols (mg/g DM) | 2·04 | 0·16 | 1·74 | 0·80 | 0·02 | 1·73 | 0·36 | 1·49 | 0·04 | < 0·0001 |
| Carotenoids (μg/g DM) | 14·9 | 0·52 | 12·9 | 0·76 | 0·005 | 15·7 | 1·18 | 8·11 | 0·75 | < 0·0001 |
| Flavonoids (mg/g DM) | 0·31 | 0·03 | 0·29 | 0·05 | 0·5 | 0·29 | 0·05 | 0·26 | 0·03 | 0·004 |