Table 2.
Cardiorespiratory values at maximal exercise
| Parameter | Men (n = 9) | Women (n = 9) |
|---|---|---|
 (l min−1) |
4.4 ± 0.2 | 2.8 ± 0.2* |
 (ml kg−1 min−1) |
58.7 ± 1.9 | 48.1 ± 2.1* |
| Range | 50.3–68.5 | 41.4–60.4 |
 (l min−1) |
4.8 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.1* |
| VT (l) | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.1* |
| fR (breaths min−1) | 56 ± 3 | 61 ± 3 |
 (l min−1) |
173 ± 10 | 114 ± 4* |
| RER | 1.11 ± 0.02 | 1.10 ± 0.02 |
| HR (beats min−1) | 183 ± 2 | 189 ± 3 |
 (mmHg) |
28 ± 1 | 28 ± 1 |
 |
36 ± 1 | 38 ± 1 |
 |
40 ± 2 | 42 ± 2 |
| EELV (% FVC) | 40 ± 2 | 43 ± 2 |
| EILV (% FVC) | 88 ± 1 | 87 ± 1 |
| ΔPoe (cmH2O) | 54 ± 4 | 46 ± 1* |
| WOB (J min−1) | 605 ± 59 | 354 ± 19* |
| PTPoe (cmH2O s−1 min−1) | 606 ± 35 | 500 ± 30* |
| PTPdi (cmH2O s−1 min−1) | 457 ± 44 | 406 ± 75 |
| PTPoe/PTPdi | 0.77 ± 0.07 | 0.84 ± 0.11 |
 (l min−1) |
220 ± 15 | 164 ± 9* |
 (%) |
80 ± 3 | 72 ± 5 |
| EFL (%) | 23 ± 9 | 21 ± 8 |
| EFL (n) | 5 | 5 |
Abbreviations: EELV, end-expiratory lung volume; EFL, expiratory flow limitation; EILV, end-inspiratory lung volume; fR, breathing frequency; HR, heart rate; 
, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension; ΔPoe, oesophageal pressure swing; PTPoe, oesophageal pressure–time product; PTPdi, diaphragmatic pressure–time product; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; 
, carbon dioxide output; 
, expired minute ventilation; 
, ventilatory capacity; 
, oxygen uptake; VT, tidal volume; and WOB, work of breathing. *Significantly different from men (P < 0.05).