Table 2.
Proportion of stunting, 6–59 months, Lower Egypt 2005 (N = 2292) and 2008 (N = 2293)
| Factor | 2005 | 2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N [%] | Stunting, 6–59 months n [%] | p-value | Total N [%] | Stunting, 6–59 months n [%] | p-value | |
| Proportion of stunted children | 2292 | 381[16.6] | 2293 | 722[31.5] | ||
| Age of child | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| 6-11 months | 329[14.4] | 71[21.6] | 429[18.7] | 86[20.1] | ||
| 12-23 months | 645[28.1] | 124[19.2] | 650[28.4] | 220[33.9] | ||
| 24-35 months | 575[25.1] | 115[20.0] | 540[23.6] | 185[34.3] | ||
| 36-47 months | 466[20.3] | 49[10.5] | 424[18.5] | 160[37.7] | ||
| 48-59 months | 277[12.1] | 22[7.9] | 250[10.9] | 71[28.4] | ||
| Sex of child | 0.510 | 0.002 | ||||
| Females | 1088[47.5] | 175[16.1] | 1116[48.7] | 317[28.4] | ||
| Males | 1204[52.5] | 206[17.1] | 1177[51.3] | 405[34.4] | ||
| Child Illness | ||||||
| Cough with short rapid breathing | 0.509 | 0.276 | ||||
| Yes | 213[52.5] | 36[16.9] | 157[68.0] | 44[28.0] | ||
| No | 193[47.5] | 28[14.5] | 73[31.6] | 20[27.4] | ||
| Diarrhea | 0.804 | 0.002 | ||||
| Yes | 414[18.1] | 67[16.2] | 174[7.6] | 37[21.3] | ||
| No | 1876[81.9] | 313[16.7] | 2117[92.4] | 685[32.4] | ||
| Maternal age (mean [SD])* | 28.9[6.0] | 28.1[5.9] | 0.005 | 28.4[5.8] | 28.5[5.7] | 0.788 |
| Maternal education | 0.482 | 0.454 | ||||
| No education | 482[21.0] | 83[17.2] | 404[17.6] | 126[31.2] | ||
| Primary | 293[12.8] | 56[19.1] | 219[9.6] | 60[27.4] | ||
| Secondary | 1272[55.5] | 199[15.6] | 1364[59.5] | 432[31.7] | ||
| Higher | 245[10.7] | 43[17.6] | 306[13.3] | 104[34.0] | ||
| Maternal BMI** | <0.001 | 0.080 | ||||
| Thin and Normal (<25 kg/m2) | 465[20.3] | 98[21.1] | 460[20.1] | 129[28.0] | ||
| Overweight (25 to 30 km/g2) | 897[39.1] | 181[20.2] | 1043[45.5] | 351[33.7] | ||
| Obese (>30 kg/m2) | 930[40.6] | 102[11.0] | 790[34.5] | 242[30.6] | ||
| Perceived size of child at birth | 0.022 | 0.686 | ||||
| Very small or Small | 270[11.8] | 58[21.5] | 214[9.3] | 70[32.7] | ||
| Average or Larger | 2017[88.2] | 322[16.0] | 2079[90.7] | 652[31.4] | ||
| Birth Intervals | 0.087 | 0.035 | ||||
| <24 months | 261[15.6] | 45[17.2] | 223[13.7] | 89[39.9] | ||
| 24-35 months | 459[27.5] | 81[17.7] | 403[24.8] | 115[28.5] | ||
| 36-47 months | 379[22.7] | 65[17.2] | 409[25.2] | 133[32.5] | ||
| 48+ months | 572[34.2] | 72[12.6] | 590[36.3] | 187[31.7] | ||
| Socioeconomic/avian flu variables | ||||||
| Household ownership of poultry/birds | 0.868 | 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 700[30.5] | 115[16.43] | 325[14.2] | 76[23.4] | ||
| No | 1592[69.5] | 266[16.7] | 1967[85.8] | 645[32.8] | ||
| Residence | 0.153 | 0.280 | ||||
| Urban | 554[24.2] | 103[18.6] | 558[24.3] | 186[33.3] | ||
| Rural | 1738[75.8] | 278[16.0] | 1735[75.7] | 536[30.9] | ||
| Wealth Quintile | 0.044 | 0.157 | ||||
| Poorest | 277[12.1] | 43[15.5] | 229[9.6] | 60[27.3] | ||
| Poorer | 485[21.2] | 90[18.6] | 481[21.0] | 147[30.6] | ||
| Middle | 583[25.4] | 95[16.3] | 619[27.0] | 183[29.6] | ||
| Richer | 610[26.6] | 83[13.6] | 594[25.9] | 198[33.3] | ||
| Richest | 337[14.7] | 70[20.8] | 379[16.5] | 134[35.4] | ||
Legend: N/A: Not applicable, data on avian influenza was not collected in 2005, as the outbreak occurred in 2006. *Reference group is average age of mothers of non-stunted children. **No women were categorized as thin in 2005, and only 2 respondents in 2008 were thin.