Table 5.
Characteristics of each cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) for pressure ulcers (n = 14)
| CEA (Original year of values) | Country (Original currency) | Perspective | Efficacy study design | Sample size | Population | Timeframe | Funding source a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Branom 2001 (2000) [64] | USA (US$) | Not reported | RCT | 20 | Mean 72 yrs; bedridden | max. 8 wks | Not reported |
| Burgos 2000 (1998) [65] | Spain (Pta) | Not reported | RCT | 37 | Mean 80 yrs | 12 wks | Private |
| Chang 1998 (1997) [66] | Malaysia (RM) | Not reported | RCT | 34 | Mean 58 yrs | max. 8 wks | Private |
| Chuangsu-wanich 2011 (2010) [67] | Thailand (US$) | Not reported | RCT | 45 | Mean 66 yrs | 8 wks | Not reported |
| Ferrell 1995 (1992) [68] | USA (US$) | Provider | RCT | 84 | Mean 81 yrs; mostly Caucasians; most fecal incontinence | 52 wks | Mixed |
| Foglia 2012 (2010) [69] | Italy (€) | Provider | Observational | 362 | Most >80 yrs | 4.3 wks | Not reported |
| Graumlich 2003 (2001) [70] | USA (US$) | Not reported | RCT | 65 | Mean 83 yrs | 8 wks | Public |
| Muller 2001 (1998) [71] | The Netherlands (NLG) | Provider | RCT | 24 | Mean 73 yrs; all females | 12 wks | Private |
| Narayanan 2005 (2004) [72] | USA (US$) | Not reported | Observational | 976 | Most ≥80 yrs; mostly Caucasians | approx. 22 wks | |
| Payne 2009 (2007) [73] | USA (US$) | Provider | RCT | 36 | Mean 73 yrs | 4 wks | Private |
| Robson 2000 (1999) [74] | USA (US$) | Not reported | RCT | 61 | Mean 50 yrs; mostly Caucasians | 5 wks | Mixed |
| Sanada 2010 (2007) [75] | Japan (Yen) | Not reported | Observational | 105 | Mean 75 yrs | 3 wks | Not reported |
| Xakellis 1992 (1990) [76] | USA (US$) | Not reported | RCT | 39 | Mean 80 yrs | 1.4 wks | Mixed |
| Seberrn 1986 (1985) [77] | USA (US$) | Not reported | RCT | 77 | Mean 74 yrs | 8 wks | Not reported |
RCT, Randomized clinical trial; SR, Systematic review; wks, Weeks; yrs, Years.
aMixed here indicates both private and public funding.