Table 3.

The associations between suicidal ideation and insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, and covariates (socio-demographic, psychiatric, addiction, and pain variables).^a

Variable	Estimate	[95% CI]	p
Habitual sleep duration	0.12	[−0.04, 0.29]	0.14
Sleep latency	0.002	[−0.002, 0.006]	0.28
Wake after sleep onset	0.002	[−0.001, 0.004]	0.14
Sleep quality (poor)	0.88	[0.09, 1.67]	0.02
Age	0.02	[0.003, 0.049]	0.02
Sex (male)	−0.30	[−1.38, 0.77]	0.58
Race (White)	0.20	[−0.37, 0.78]	0.48
Partner status (partnered)	−0.21	[−0.83, 0.40]	0.49
Financial (cannot make ends meet)	1.21	[0.65, 1.76]	<0.001
Psychiatric status (present)	1.76	[0.73, 2.79]	0.001
Alcohol binges (past 3 months)	0.003	[−0.005, 0.012]	0.44
Smoking status (smoker)	0.01	[−0.56 0.58]	0.96
Drugs (used in the past year)	0.39	[−0.36, 1.16]	0.30
Pain (present in the past week)	−0.30	[−0.94, 0.33]	0.35

Estimate = coefficient, CI = Confidence Interval; Habitual Sleep Duration was assessed with the question, “How many hours of sleep did you usually get at night (in hours)?”, Sleep latency was assessed with the question, “How long does it usually take you to fall asleep at night (in minutes)”; wake after sleep onset time was assessed with the question, “How long are you usually awake during the middle of the night, after initially falling asleep?”; sleep quality was assessed with the question, “During the past month, how would you rate your overall sleep quality?” with responses ranging from very good–very bad; partner status was dichotomously, as whether subject was in either single or in married/non-married relationship; financial status was assessed dichotomously as whether subject could make ends meet (or not); psychiatric status was assessed dichotomously for the absence or presence of psychiatric disorder/s (lifetime diagnosis of mania, psychosis or panic disorder on the MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory)); presence of generalized anxiety disorder symptoms in the last 6 months on the MINI; a score of ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive disorder; and a score of ≥ 50 on the PTSD Checklist for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); smoking status was assessed using the question, “Do you currently smoke?” The responses were recorded as either a “yes” or a “no”; Other drug use was assessed by inquiring specifically about the frequency of use of cocaine, heroin, marijuana, speed, inhalants, LSD, barbiturates, and club drugs in the past year. We coded other drug use for the past year as “Yes” or “No.” Pain was assessed with the question: “Do you have daily pain or at least weekly episodes of pain.” The responses were recorded as either “yes” or “no.”

^aModel χ² = 64.70, p < 0.001, pseudo R² = 0.35.