FIG. 2.

DCs produce Th1-associated cytokines in response to PAF. DCs and MΦ (MO) were prepared from adherent monocytes as described in Materials and Methods. The cells were cultured overnight with various doses of PAF, and cell-free supernatants were harvested and screened for IL-12 (A) or IL-18 (B). Cytokine levels were normalized for protein recovery, and the data are presented as n-fold induction of cytokine over control (cells cultured in DMSO, the vehicle). The data shown are compiled from two to four independent experiments with monocytes from different individuals. PAF induced DCs to produce both IL-12 and IL-18 (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, while MΦ did not make this response.