Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the population by presence or absence of NAFLD
| Overall (N=3,976) |
No NAFLD/liver spleen ratio ≥1 (n=3306) |
NAFLD/ liver spleen ratio <1 (n=670) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 62.9 (10.4) | 63.3 (10.5) | 61.2 (9.6) | <0.001 |
| Gender | 0.82 | |||
| Male (%) | 1,794 (45.1) | 1,489 (45.9) | 305 (45.5) | |
| Female (%) | 2,182 (54.9) | 1,817 (55.0) | 365 (54.5) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | <0.001 | |||
| Whites (%) | 1,466 (36.9) | 1,250 (37.8) | 216 (32.2) | |
| Chinese (%) | 388 (9.8) | 314 (9.5) | 74 (11.0) | |
| African American (%) | 1,192 (30.0) | 1,060 (32.1) | 132 (19.7) | |
| Hispanics (%) | 930 (23.4) | 682 (20.6) | 248 (37.0) | |
| Current smokers (%) | 447 (11.2) | 380 (11.5) | 67 (10) | 0.09 |
| Obese1 (%) | 1,328 (33.4) | 972 (29.4) | 356 (53.1) | <0.001 |
| Metabolic syndrome2 (%) | 1,482 (37.3) | 1,056 (31.9) | 426 (63.6) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 117.5 (31.2) | 117.9 (31.2) | 115.7 (31.1) | 0.10 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 50.5 (14.5) | 51.7 (14.7) | 45 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 110 (82) | 104 (75) | 149 (98) | 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD) | 98.8 (13.9) | 97.4 (13.7) | 105.7 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| SBP, mean (SD) | 127.2 (21.6) | 126.7 (21.7) | 129.9 (20.9) | 0.0005 |
| DBP, mean (SD) | 71.7 (10.2) | 71.4 (10.1) | 73.2 (10.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%)3 | 1,862 (46.8) | 1,506 (45.6) | 356 (53.1) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus4 (%) | 517 (13.0) | 370 (11.2) | 147 (21.9) | <0.001 |
. Obesity was defined as BMI≥ 30 kg/m2
. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria as 3 or more of the following: waist circumference greater than 102 cm for men and greater than 88 cm for women, triglyceride level 150 mg/dL or more, HDL-C less than 40 mg/dL for men and less than 50 mg/dL for women, blood pressure 130/85 mm Hg or more, and a fasting blood glucose level 110 mg/dL or more
. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg
. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a fasting blood glucose level of ≥126 mg/dL or the use of hypoglycemic medications