Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for Depression Symptom Severity According to Migraine Status
| No Migraine (N=949) |
Any Migraine (N=372) |
Migraine with Aura (N=122) |
Migraine without Aura (N=250) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive Symptoms | n (%) | n (%) | AOR (95% CI) | n (%) | AOR (95% CI) | n (%) | AOR (95% CI) |
| PHQ-9 Total Score | |||||||
| Minimal (0–4) | 454 (47.8) | 141 (37.9) | 1.00 (referent) | 46 (37.7) | 1.00 (referent) | 95 (38.0) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Mild (5–9) | 375 (39.5) | 170 (45.7) | 1.42 (1.09–1.85) | 51 (41.8) | 1.32 (0.86–2.02) | 119 (47.6) | 1.47 (1.09–2.00) |
| Moderate (10–14) | 105 (11.1) | 52 (14.0) | 1.56 (1.06–2.29) | 20 (16.4) | 1.76 (0.99–3.11) | 32 (12.8) | 1.45 (0.92–2.29) |
| Severe (≥15) | 15 (1.6) | 9 (2.4) | 1.95 (0.84–4.57) | 5 (4.1) | 3.28 (1.13–9.50) | 4 (1.6) | 1.30 (0.42–4.01) |
| p-value for trend | 0.002 | 0.008 | 0.032 | ||||
| PHQ-9 Total Score | |||||||
| Minimal (0–4) | 454 (47.8) | 141 (37.9) | 1.00 (referent) | 46 (37.7) | 1.00 (referent) | 95 (38.0) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Mild (5–9) | 375 (39.5) | 170 (45.7) | 1.42 (1.09–1.85) | 51 (41.8) | 1.32 (0.86–2.02) | 119 (47.6) | 1.47 (1.09–2.00) |
| MDD (≥10) | 120 (12.7) | 61 (16.4) | 1.60 (1.12–2.31) | 25 (20.5) | 1.94 (1.14–3.30) | 36 (14.4) | 1.43 (0.93–2.21) |
| p-value for trend | 0.003 | 0.014 | 0.024 | ||||
Adjusted for maternal age, unplanned pregnancy and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)