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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hepatology. 2015 Mar 20;61(5):1591–1602. doi: 10.1002/hep.27665

Figure 5. Anti-PD-1 treatment combined with sorafenib and AMD3100 increases intratumoral CD8+ T lymphocyte distribution in HCC.

Figure 5

A–D, The number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor proper is increased only in the SOR+AMD3100+αPD1 treatment group. Representative confocal microscopy of immunofluorescence for CD8+ T lymphocytes (FITC, green) in HCC tissue sections (nuclei by DAPI, in blue) from HCA-1 grafted tumors (A) and representative regions of HCC tumors in the Mst GEM model. Red areas in the MST tumors indicate apoptotic regions of MST HCC tumors (staining for cleaved-caspase 3, Cy5 in red) (C). (B,D) Addition of anti-PD-1 antibody changes the distribution of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the tumors: Triple combination treatment results in significantly higher numbers of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tumor center. Data are mean±SEM (n =5–6 per group) *P<0.05 vs. control.