Table II.
Expression of OATPs in Non-malignant and Malignant Tissues
| OATPs | Non-malignant tissues | Malignant tissues and cells | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alterations | Detection method | ||
| OATP1A2 | Blood-brain barrier (59) | ↑ in breast cancer (61,62) | RT-PCR, IF |
| Enterocytes (60) | ↓ in colon polyps and colon cancer (63) | RT-PCR | |
| Cholangiocytes (60) | ↑ in prostate cancer cells (6) | qRT-PCR | |
| Kidney (64) | ↑ in bone cancer (65) | RT-PCR | |
| OATP1B1 | Liver (2,66) | ↓ in liver cancer (37–39,67,68) | RT-PCR, IF, IB |
| ↑ in colon polyps and colon cancer (63) | RT-PCR | ||
| ↑ in ovarian cancer (69) | RT-PCR | ||
| OATP1B3 | Liver (3,70) | ↓ in liver cancer (41) | qRT-PCR, IB |
| ↑ in colon cancer (4,71,72) | RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, IB, IHC | ||
| ↑ in pancreatic cancer (71–73) | RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, IB, IHC | ||
| ↑ in lung cancer (38) | RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| ↑ in prostate cancer (16,17,68,74) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| ↑ in breast cancer (75) | qRT-PCR, IHC | ||
| ↑ in testicular cancer (68) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| ↑ in ovarian cancer (69) | RT-PCR | ||
| OATP1C1 | Brain (76) | ↑ in bone cancers (65) | RT-PCR |
| Testes (76) | |||
| Ciliary body (77) | |||
| OATP2A1 | Ubiquitous (78) | ↑ in breast cancer (79) | qRT-PCR |
| ↑ in liver cancer (80) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| ↑ in bone metastases from kidney cancer (65) | qRT-PCR, IB | ||
| ↓ in cancers of bowel, stomach, ovary, lung, and kidney (81) | RT-PCR | ||
| OATP2B1 | Blood-brain barrier (82) | ↑ in bone cancer (65) | RT-PCR |
| Heart (83) | ↑ in breast cancers (79,84) | qRT-PCR, IF, IB | |
| Enterocytes (85) | ↓ in liver and pancreatic cancers (68) | qRT-PCR | |
| Liver (86) | |||
| Placenta (87) | |||
| OATP3A1 | Ubiquitous (88) | ↑ in bone cysts (65) | RT-PCR |
| ↑ in breast cancer tissues and cell lines (89) | qRT-PCR, IF, IHC | ||
| ↑ in primary and metastatic liver cancer (80) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| ↑ in cancer cell lines of multiple tissues (90) | RT-PCR | ||
| OATP4A1 | Ubiquitous (90) | ↑ in bone cysts (65) | RT-PCR |
| Detected in breast cancer (79) | RT-PCR | ||
| ↑ in primary and metastatic liver cancer (80) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| Detected in cancer cell lines of multiple tissues (90) | RT-PCR | ||
| ↑ in colon cancer (91) | qRT-PCR | ||
| OATP4C1 | Kidney (92) | Detected in breast cancer cell lines (79) | RT-PCR |
| OATP5A1 | Lactiferous ducts of breast (89) | ↑ in breast cancer (89) | qRT-PCR, IF, IHC |
| ↑ in primary and metastatic liver cancers (80) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| ↑ in small cell lung cancer (5) | qRT-PCR, IF | ||
| OATP6A1 | Testes (93) | Detected in lung, bladder, and esophageal cancers (94) | RT-PCR |
↑ increased, ↓ decreased, RT-PCR reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR quantitative RT-PCR, IF immunofluorescence, IB immunoblotting, IHC immunohistochemistry