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. 2014 Dec 20;16:504. doi: 10.1186/s13058-014-0504-9

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© Verbeke et al.; licensee BioMed Central 2014

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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4G-shp53 cells can undergo secretory differentiation but do not form normal alveoli. Mice with human cells engrafted in the ducts were sacrificed on day 1 of lactation (n = 2). Histopathology (H&E stain) and immunohistochemistry for GFP show that human cells are present in the ducts but do not spread into the lactating alveoli. Immunohistochemistry for casein shows that some of the human cells in the ducts have undergone secretory differentiation. The structures in the middle of the image are mouse alveoli (open arrowheads); they do not stain for casein because the antibody is human specific. The structure on the right is a humanized duct containing cells that do not express casein (closed arrowheads). The structure on the left is a humanized duct containing cells that do express casein (arrows). Scale bars 200 μm.