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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 23.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Cancer Res. 2014 Feb 10;12(4):527–538. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-13-0567

Figure 4. DIM-C-pPhOH, the NR4A1 inactivator, induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis by increasing ROS production in Panc-1 cells.

Figure 4

(A) Cells were treated with either DMSO or DIM-C-pPhOH for 24 hr. (B) Cells were transfected with either Ad-Null or Ad-NR4A1 for 12 hr, and treated with DIM-C-pPhOH (25 μM) for another 24 hr. Whole cell lysates were analyzed by western blot analysis. (NR4A1 protein levels were induced 4-fold by Ad-NR4A1). (C) Cells were treated with DMSO or DIM-C-pPhOH for 18 hr, and ROS production was measured by the oxidation of non-fluorescent DCFH-DA to fluorescent DCF using either flow cytometric analysis (left panel) or a fluorescence plate reader (right panel). (D) Cells were treated with DMSO or DIM-C-pPhOH in the presence or absence of GSH for 24 hr and whole cell lysates were analyzed by western blot analysis. β-Actin was used as a loading control.