Table 10.

CIOMS scale for the hepatocellular type of injury in HILI cases.

The updated CIOMS scale is derived and modified from a previous report (Teschke et al., 2014c). The above items specifically refer to the hepatocellular type of injury rather than to the cholestatic or mixed type (shown in Table 11). Abbreviations: ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; CIOMS, Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences; CMV, Cytomegalovirus; CT, Computer tomography; DILI, Drug induced liver injury; EBV, Epstein Barr virus; HAV, Hepatitis A virus; HBc, Hepatitis B core; HBsAg, Hepatitis B antigen; HBV, Hepatitis B virus; HCV, Hepatitis C virus; HEV, Hepatitis E virus; HILI, Herb induced liver injury; HSV, Herpes simplex virus; MRC, Magnetic resonance cholangiography; N, upper limit of the normal range; VZV, Varicella zoster virus. Total score and resulting causality grading: = 0, excluded; 1–2, unlikely; 3–5, possible; 6–8, probable; ≥9, highly probable.