Table 1.
Characteristics for Wisconsin Diabetes Registry Study participants with adiponectin tested.
| Characteristics | 1-year exam | 4-year exam | 7-year exam | 9-year exam | 20-year exam |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 184 | 231 | 137 | 187 | 304 |
| Male, % | 52% | 49% | 48% | 53% | 49% |
| White, % | 98% | 98% | 97% | 98% | 97% |
| Diabetes duration, years | 0.4 (0.2) | 3.4 (0.3) | 6.5 (0.3) | 9.3 (0.7) | 19.7 (1.2) |
| Age at diagnosis, years | 10.9 (6.8) | 11.2 (6.8) | 10.8 (6.5) | 11.4 (7.3) | 11.3 (7.0) |
| 0–4 years | 18% | 16% | 18% | 18% | 17% |
| 5–9 years | 33% | 32% | 31% | 32% | 32% |
| 10–14 years | 25% | 28% | 27% | 23% | 25% |
| 15–19 years | 12% | 12% | 13% | 14% | 12% |
| ≥20 years | 11% | 11% | 10% | 13% | 13% |
| Age at exam, years | 11.3 (6.8) | 14.6 (6.8) | 17.3 (6.5) | 20.8 (7.4) | 30.9 (7.0) |
| Tanner | |||||
| 1 | 58% | 33% | 16% | 5% | 0% |
| 2 | 2% | 5% | 10% | 4% | 0% |
| 3 | 7% | 7% | 5% | 7% | 0% |
| 4 | 13% | 20% | 16% | 13% | 0% |
| 5 | 19% | 34% | 53% | 71% | 100% |
| Intensive insulin management, % | 15% | 46% | 67% | 74% | 94% |
| Insulin pump, % | 0% | 0% | 0.7% | 11% | 48% |
| Insulin dose (units/kg/day) | 0.49 (0.30) | 0.77 (0.27) | 0.85 (0.26) | 0.88 (0.29) | 0.75 (0.30) |
| HbA1c, %* | 7.3 (1.7) | 9.0 (1.8) | 9.1 (1.6) | 8.8 (1.7) | 8.0 (1.5) |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol* | 56 (18.6) | 75 (19.7) | 76 (17.5) | 73 (18.6) | 64 (16.4) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 19.5 (3.5) | 21.3 (4.2) | 22.8 (4.3) | 25.2 (5.0) | 28.3 (5.9) |
| Weight, kg | 42 (22) | 53 (22) | 61 (20) | 72 (20) | 84 (20) |
| Waist, cm | 65 (11) | 71 (11) | 76 (11) | 83 (12) | 86 (14) |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.84 (0.06) | 0.81 (0.06) | 0.81 (0.05) | 0.81 (0.06) | 0.82 (0.08) |
| Systolic/diastolic BP, mmHg | 101 (13)/64 (10) | 105 (13)/67 (9) | 108 (12)/73 (8) | 112 (11)/71 (9) | 122 (13)/77 (9) |
| Micro/macroalbuminuria, %* | 3.4%/0% | 7.5%/0% | 4.1%/0% | 4.0%/1.7% | 6.8%/4.3% |
| loge (UACR), units* | 2.1 (0.6) | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.0 (0.7) | 2.2 (1.0) | 2.1 (1.3) |
| Antihypertension med. use, % | 0% | 0.4% | 1% | 7% | 29% |
| Lipid lowering med. use, % | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0% | 3% | 23% |
| Adiponectin, mg/L | 11.9 (6.4) | 11.4 (5.5) | 11.3 (5.5) | 10.2 (5.7) | 10.2 (7.1) |
| Median adiponectin, mg/L | 10.2 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 8.6 |
Entries are means (SD) and %. *Missing data; n with data: for HbA1c, n = 159 at 1 yr; for UACR, n = 148 at 1 yr, n = 201 at 4 yr, n = 122 at 7 yr, n = 175 at 9 yr, and n = 278 at 20 yr exam.