Table 1.
Major GRS studies performed for T2D incidence prediction
| Author, year (ref. no.) | SNP in GRS | Cohort(s) | Follow-up period (years) | Incident T2D cases, n (%) | GRS improvement | Significant improvement in AROC/C-statistic | Improvement in NRI for FORS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meigs, 2008 (8) | 18 | FOS | 28 | 225 (9.5) | Yes: per SD P < 0.001 | C-statistic = 0.534 for FORS, 0.581 for FORS + GRS (P = 0.001) | Yes: up to 4% |
| Lyssenko, 2008 (9) | 16 | MPP and Botnia Study | 23.5 (median) | 2,201 (11.7) | Yes | Modest increase (0.74–0.75, P = 1.0 × 10−4) | Yes: 9% in MPP (P = 2.5 × 10−5) and 20% in Botnia (P = 0.05) |
| Talmud, 2010 (18) | 20 | Whitehall II | 10 | 302 (5.5) | Yes | No | No |
| de Miguel-Yanes, 2011 (10) | 40 | FOS | 34 | 446 (12.8) | Yes: in <50-year-olds only (P = 0.02) | No: C-statistic increase from 0.908 to 0.911 (P = 0.3) | Yes: 10.2% (P < 0.001) |
| Vassy, 2014 (11) | 62 | FOS | 25.6 | 446 (12.8) | Yes | C-statistic improved in FOS (P < 0.001) but not in CARDIA | Weak increase |
| 62 | CARDIA | 24.2 | 97 (5.9) | ||||
| Talmud, 2015 (12) | 65 | UCLEB | 10 (median) | 804 (6.0) | Yes: from 30.7 (FORS only) to 37.3% (10% FPR) | Modest increase | Yes: (8.1%), P = 3.3 × 10–7 |
FPR, false-positive rate; MPP, Malmö Preventive Project, Sweden.