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. 2015 Apr 21;15:34. doi: 10.1186/s12894-015-0030-9

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© Hypolite et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Effects of PDBu, a PKC activator, on contractility responses of BSM to EFS in vitro. Muscle strips were pre-incubated for 30 minutes with different concentrations of PDBu (0.01-1 μM), followed by a number of increasing frequencies of EFS stimulations (0.5-32 Hz). A, Representative raw tracings for control (upper panel), and experimental (lower panels) groups treated with PDBu. B, Summarized peak amplitude of contractions (PF, N = 5, n = 8 for each concentration; p ≤ 0.05 at stimulations up to 4 Hz). C, PDBu caused a significant increase in IF at 0.5-4 Hz (N = 5,n = 8, p ≤ 0.05 to control values). The results were not significantly different at 8, 16, and 32 Hz for PF and IF.