Table 1.
Comparison of neurocognitive assessments in patients with schizophrenia, BD, and MDDa
| Schizophrenia/BD | MDD (meta-analyses) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neurocognitive domain | MATRICS consensus cognitive battery[32] | Remission from MDD[6] | First MDD episode[13] | Executive function in nonpsychotic MDD[51] |
| Reasoning and problem solving | Neuropsychological Assessment battery (NAB): Mazes | Phonological fluency; semantic fluency; Stroop test; Wisconsin Card Sorting Test | Attentional switching Trail-Making Test B; verbal fluency letter and semantic fluency Cognitive flexibility Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST); Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST); CANTAB Intradimensional/extradimensional shift (ID/ED) | Phonological fluency; semantic fluency; Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Stroop Interference Test; Trail-Making Test B |
| Processing speed | Trail-Making Test A; brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (symbol coding subtest); category fluency | Trail Making A and B; symbol digit Modalities test (SDMT); Familiar faces; Boston Naming Test | Trail-Making Test A; digit symbol-coding; SDMT (written version) | |
| Attention/vigilance | Continuous performance test: identical pairs | Digit span forward; spatial span forward | ||
| Working memory | Wechsler Memory Scale; spatial span; letter-number span | Letter–number sequencing (LNS) | Digit span backward; spatial span backward | |
| Verbal learning and memory | Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) | Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT); Category Cued Recall | Logical Memory 1 and 2; RAVLT total and delayed recall; California Verbal Learning Test-second edition (CVLT-II) total recall, short-delayed free recall and long-delayed free recall; HVLT total and delayed recall; Buschke Selective Reminding Test (SRT) | |
| Visual learning and memory | Brief Visuospatial Memory Test | Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) | Visual reproduction 1 and 2; Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) 30-min delayed recall; Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS); Visual Memory Index | |
| Social cognition | Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) | |||
a
Boldface tests are used more than once.
BD, bipolar disorder; MATRICS, Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia; MDD, major depressive disorder.