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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 23.
Published in final edited form as: J Ecol. 2012 Nov 1;100(6):1303–1314. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.02014.x

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Conceptual model proposed to include plant responses to soil heterogeneity (NH) and global change (GC) into a trait-based response-effect framework. Both NH and GC may affect the abundance and representation of a suite of response traits related with the plant-resource use strategy, with further effects on community dynamics. The subsequent and altered plant community may impact ecosystem functioning in a different way than the initial community via changes in the abundance and representation of ecosystem-effect traits. If GC and NH affect the same suite of response and effect traits, this conceptual framework will allow us to include soil heterogeneity when scaling plant responses to global change to the ecosystem level.