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. 2015 Apr 14;180(2):233–242. doi: 10.1111/cei.12577

Fig 1.

Fig 1

Stimulation of interleukin (IL)-19 production in healthy control (HC) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. (a,b) IL-19 production in untreated (UT) HC PBMC cultures and in cultures stimulated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (20 ng/ml), IL-1β (20 ng/ml), interferon (IFN)-γ (10 ng/ml) and IL-23 (50 ng/ml). (a) IL-19 secretion (n = 6). (b) IL-19 mRNA expression (n = 2). Log-transformed data were analysed with the paired t-test. (c,d) IL-19 production from UT HC PBMC cultures and from cultures stimulated with the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-1/2 ligand Pam3CSK4 (1 μg/ml), the TLR-3 ligand poly(I:C) (25 μg/ml), the TLR-4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 ng/ml) and the TLR-9 ligand cytosine–phosphate–guanosine (CpG) (2 μM). (c) IL-19 secretion (n = 6). (d) IL-19 mRNA expression (n = 2). Log-transformed data were analysed with the paired t-test. Boxes and bars indicate median and interquartile range (IQR). *P < 0·05; **P < 0·01; ***P < 0·001.