Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014 Oct 29;54(1):37–44.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2014.10.010

Table 2.

12-Month Comorbidity of DSM-IV, Severe, and Mild/Moderate Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) With Other Classes of Mental Disorders

DSM-IV Class of Disordera DSM-IV MDD
(Total)		 Severe MDD Mild/Moderate MDD Group comparisons
(Severe MDD vs. Mild/Moderate MDD)
aOR 95% CI aOR 95% CI aOR 95% CI Wald
χ21 		[p]
Anxiety Disordersd Female 4.09 2.98 – 5.61 5.70 3.99 – 8.15 3.54 2.64 – 4.75 2.3 .127
Male 3.73 2.38 – 5.84 8.71 3.46 – 21.90 3.09 1.74 – 5.49 3.4 .066
Total 3.96 3.01 – 5.21 6.18 4.26 – 8.97 3.36 2.48 – 4.56 4.8 .029
 (Female vs. Male) Wald χ21 4.3 1.2 2.1 – –
 p .038 .271 .145 – –
ADHDe Female 2.54 0.83 – 7.76 14.10 3.14 – 63.36 1.72 0.62 – 4.75 2.4 .124
Male 2.57 1.24 – 5.31 – – 2.96 1.36 – 6.43 1.6 .203
Total 2.58 1.35 – 4.93 3.82 0.97 – 15.05 2.43 1.31 – 4.49 0.03 .854
 (Female vs. Male) Wald χ21 8.1 0.2 14.7 – –
 p .005 .661 .0001 – –
Behavior Disorders (ODD/CD)e Female 4.57 2.50 – 8.34 8.11 2.58 – 25.52 3.26 1.31 – 8.13 8.4 .006
Male 3.62 1.70 – 7.68 19.04 4.88 – 74.26 2.51 1.13 – 5.58 5.2 .028
Total 4.20 2.25 – 7.86 10.33 4.09 – 26.10 3.03 1.43 – 6.43 15.9 .0003
 (Female vs. Male) Wald χ21 2.2 4.8 0.1 – –
 p .139 .029 .754 – –
SUDs d Female 3.42 2.05 – 5.70 3.81 2.07 – 7.02 3.21 1.73 – 5.94 2.3 .128
Male 2.44 1.43 – 4.16 1.67 0.63 – 4.43 2.75 1.47 – 5.14 1.2 .275
Total 3.08 2.21 – 4.28 3.07 1.82 – 5.15 3.10 1.97 – 4.89 0.8 .371
 (Female vs. Male) Wald χ21 1.9 0.1 1.9 – –
 p .171 .730 .166 – –
Any Disorder e Female 4.18 2.63 – 6.67 7.63 4.16 – 13.99 3.76 2.24 – 6.33 1.6 .208
Male 3.36 1.66 – 6.78 9.94 2.95 – 33.46 2.49 1.14 – 5.42 4.4 .037
Total 3.88 2.50 – 6.03 7.88 4.52 – 13.74 3.28 2.10 – 5.12 4.4 .036
 (Female vs. Male) Wald χ21 2.0 0.9 0.6 – –
 p .154 .343 .448 – –

Note: The tests of group comparisons adjusted for sex, age, race/ethnicity, and poverty index ratio for the total groups; sex was removed for sex-specific group comparisons. Negative sign (−) denotes value was inestimable due to zero cells. ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CD = conduct disorder; ODD = oppositional defiant disorder; SUD = substance use disorder.

a

Anxiety disorders include agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, separation anxiety disorder; behavior disorders include CD and ODD; SUDs include alcohol and illicit drug abuse or dependence.

b

Entries are the percentage of respondents with lifetime MDD who also meet lifetime criteria for at least 1 of the other classes of DSM-IV disorder.

c

Entries are the percentage of respondents with 12-month MDD who also meet 12-month criteria for at least 1 of the other classes of DSM-IV disorders.

d

Reports based on adolescent Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI; N=10,123).

e

Reports based on adolescent CIDI and parent self-administered questionnaire (SAQ; n=6,483).