Table 1.
Sample characteristics of FEM patients and HCs of included studies
| Group | First author (year) | Control participants | FEM participants | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Male | Age (years) | Education (years) | Estimated IQ | Total | Male | Age (years) | Education (years) | Estimated IQ score | YMRS score | Age of onset | ||
| N | n (%) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Score (SD) | N | n (%) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Acute | Fleck et al. (2008) | 48 | 20 (41.6) | 28.2 (7.9) | 12.8 (1.4) | 108.7 (9.0) | 21 | 11 (52.4) | 25.7 (9.2) | 11.6 (2.2) | 105.2 (10) | 21.7 (11.8) | NR |
| Lebowitz et al. (2001) | 30 | 13 (43.3) | 31.2 (8.1) | 13.16 (1.1) | 109.5 (8.8) | 19 | 10 (52.6) | 27.4 (7.17) | 11.9 (2.0) | 103.7 (8.5) | 16.6 (9.1) | 23.3 (6.9) | |
| Strakowski et al. (2008) | 16 | 9 (56) | 20 (4) | 13 (3) | NR | 16 | 12 (75) | 19 (4) | 11 (3) | NR | 25 (7) | NR | |
| Remission | Elshahawi et al. (2011) | 50 | 29 (58) | NR | NR | NR | 50 | 33 (66) | 26.4 (4.7) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Hellvin et al. (2012) | 110 | 49 (44.5) | 31.1 (9.8) | 13.4 (1.9) | 111.6 (4.9) | 34 | 15 (44.12) | 31.2 (9.6) | 13.1 (2.2) | 110.9 (6.6) | 2 (0 to 28)b | 23 (11 to 53)b | |
| 21a | 8 (38) | 30.5 (10.6) | 12.9 (2.3) | 109.5 (5.1) | 5 (0 to 19)b | 17 (10 to 37)b | |||||||
| Lopez-Jaramillo et al. (2010) | 66 | 44 (66.6) | 37.44 (8.57) | 9.61 (3.28) | NR | 24 | 16 (66.6) | 37.04 (10.19) | 10.92 (3.79) | NR | 1.21 (1.5) | 25.79 (9.98) | |
| Torres et al. (2010) | 25 | 12 (48) | 22.5 (4.8) | 14.3 (2.4) | 107.4 (7.7) | 45 | 23 (51) | 22.2 (3.9) | 13.4 (2.4) | 107.2 (7.1) | 1.8 (3.7) | 19.3 (4.4) | |
YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale; NR, not reported. aFEM participants with previously untreated manic symptoms; bmedian (min-max).