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. 2015 Apr 27;65(634):e330–e343. doi: 10.3399/bjgp15X684865
Safety domains (n= 6) and subcategories (n= 22) Potential hazards: patient, GP team members and practice organisational outcomes (for example, quality, safety, health, wellbeing, performance)
Medication management
(controlled drugs; emergency drugs and equipment; prescriptions and pads; vaccinations; all other drugs)
  • Lack of in-date stock may lead to inability to treat acutely ill patient

  • Lack of necessary emergency drugs, or out-of-date emergency drugs can lead to patient safety being compromised, for example, adrenaline for anaphylaxis

  • Protects these prescription-related items from potential theft which can lead to unauthorised prescriptions of high risk drugs being dispensed to vulnerable patients or members of the public who may harm themselves as a result

  • Safe and secure keeping is necessary to prevent theft and misuse which could harm patients and members of the public

  • Lack of in-date stock may lead to inability to provide timely disease prevention treatments to patients

  • Patients, including children, ingesting non-prescribed medications and suffering related harms


Housekeeping
(infection control; stocking of clinical rooms; confidential waste; clinical equipment maintenance)
  • Staff and patients, including children, obtaining a needle stick injury from overfilled ‘sharps’ bins

  • Patients at risk of infection from spilled hazardous waste on clinical surfaces and/or equipment

  • Patients and staff at risk of cross-contamination from blood and/or bodily fluids

  • Risk of cross-infections from, for example, people, equipment, and clinical surface areas

  • Breaches of patient confidentiality can impact on patient safety via patients’ suffering psychological harm from knowing their medical history has been disclosed publicly

  • Malfunctioning equipment (for example defibrillator or blood pressure monitoring equipment) can impact on the safety of patient care by providing un-calibrated readings that may result in false reassurance of clinical condition and erroneously affect decision making


Information systems
(business continuity plan is up-to-date; verifiable back-up of all IT systems; data protection; record keeping)
  • Can impact on how safe patient care is delivered in an emergency situation; for example electrical outage to the practice affecting IT systems and how to manage and deliver care in such a situation


Practice team
(registration checks; CPR and anaphylaxis training; induction processes; access to patient safety-related training)
  • Ensure all clinicians are registered with professional regulators. Patient safety-critical checks that protect the local patient population and the practice as an organisation


Patient access and identification
(access information for patients; standardised patient ID verification)
  • Numerous significant events in general practice are related to mix-ups over patient identification leading to patient’s being subjected to unnecessary treatments, hospital visits, and investigations, and breaches of confidentiality which can cause avoidable physical and emotional harm


Health and safety
(building safety and insurance; environmental awareness; staff health and wellbeing)
  • Although a medical establishment, a first aid arrangement is still a safety requirement similar to any other place of work

  • Hazards in the workplace which are not identified and attended to can lead to harm (for example, a patient sustaining a head injury from walking into a low lying light)

  • Staff can be subject to abuse, anger, threatening behaviour, and violence and should be trained to manage these situations to protect the safety and wellbeing of themselves and patients.