Table 3.
Performance of the dyslexics and matched controls on visuospatial memory tasks
| Tasks | Dyslexics | Controls | Comparison | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | N | z-score | % impaired | Mean | SD | N | F(1, 75–80) | p | ||
| WMS–R | |||||||||||
| Visual Memory | index score | 60.7 | 5 | 42 | 0.4 | 4.5 | 63.0 | 5.5 | 39 | 3.9 | ns |
| Visual D&P | |||||||||||
| Learning–immediate | % errors | 1.9 | 5.4 | 39 | −0.2 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 7 | 37 | 1.4 | ns |
| Learning–delayed | % errors | 4.1 | 8.1 | 39 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 4.5 | 8.5 | 37 | 0.1 | ns |
| Recognition | % errors | 22.4 | 15.1 | 39 | 0.4 | 9.1 | 17.8 | 12 | 37 | 2.2 | ns |
| H&J | |||||||||||
| Recognition | % errors | 25.1 | 5.6 | 44 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 24.8 | 6.5 | 40 | 0 | ns |
Note: Performance 2 standard deviations below the control mean is categorized as “impaired”. The sign of the z-scores for the Visual Index has been changed so that a positive z-score reflects worse performance, as do percentages of errors in other tasks. WMS–R = Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; D&P = Doors and People Test; H&J = Hindi and Japanese.