|
Counselling
|
We considered dietitian delivered counselling (private sector and DHB funded). As detailed in an online report [55] this was estimated at NZ$575,000 per year (for 2011). A key parameter was the DHB-funded dietitian time (as per official national DHB funding values) was NZ$115.89 per one hour consultation (assumed SD = 10% = NZ$11.59). The annual costs continued for the lifetime of the cohort (to the year 2076). |
Cost: NZ$575,000 per year, equivalent to NZ$0.24 per adult in NZ |
|
Endorsement Label Programme
|
For the Programme costs, we treated the programme as part of New Zealand health sector activity. We used the annual operating costs reported by the Heart Foundation of NZ$621,000 for the calendar year 2011 (see an online report [57]). These cover the running of the Programme and product testing (with the food industry making payments to the Heart Foundation for participation in the Programme). The annual costs continued for the lifetime of the cohort (to the year 2076). |
Cost: NZ$621,000 per/y with SD at +/-10% of the estimate (i.e., SD = 62,100). Gamma distribution. |
|
Both “Mandatory” interventions
|
The cost of enacting a new law was used, based on the average cost of new act in NZ [63] (with NZ$NZ dollar values reported separately [64]). That is, the cost of a new law was estimated NZ$ 3,680,000 (in 2011 dollars). In scenario analyses we assumed that the laws for these two interventions would have a limited life (e.g., a sunset clause at 20 years) at which time we assumed that sodium levels in foods would revert to their pre-intervention levels. In the baseline model we assumed no significant changes to current evaluation efforts by the NZ Government (nutrition surveys and food surveys) and negligible legal costs associated with non-compliance. Nevertheless, we performed a scenario analysis based on Australian estimates that covered both legislative changes and on-going enforcement costs. That is we used the NZ cost of a law plus added in half the cost of the Australian value (which covered by legislation and enforcement). That is half of AUS$ 0.49 per person per year (gamma distribution, SE = NZ$0.05). The Australian value is for the year 2008 (see supplementary information in Cobiac et al [23]) was derived from resource use estimates [65] and WHO unit costs (www.who.int/choice/costs/en/). |
Cost: NZ$3,680,000 in 2011. Gamma distribution with SD of +/-25% of the point-estimate. |
|
UK Package
|
The total cost of the mass media campaign that was run between 2003 and 2009 was UKP 20,043,445 [66]). This was equivalent to a cost of UKP 0.42/adult (for the UK in 2008) and we used this to calculate the cost per NZ adult in 2011. In addition, we used the per capita extra cost of a non-governmental group (“CASH”) which helped promote the UK Package of interventions and facilitate various accompanying publicity, and which had approximate expenditure from 1996 to 2011 of around UKP one million [59]. In a scenario analysis we considered that all intervention costs were 50% greater. |
Total cost (NZ$): 12,100,000 in 2011. Gamma distribution with SD of +/-10% of the point-estimate. |
|
UK Mass Media Campaign
|
As detailed above for the mass media component of the UK Package, and with a scenario analysis that considered that these intervention costs were 50% greater. |
Total cost (NZ$): NZ$10,400,000 in 2011. Gamma distribution with SD of +/-10% of the point-estimate. |
|
Salt Tax
|
As for the Mandatory interventions around sodium levels in food (as per above), we used the average cost of a new act in NZ (to introduce the excise tax on salt). The enforcement and compliance cost was not considered in our analysis given the single main producer of salt in NZ. If there were compliance issues—then this could be addressed via fines that were set at levels that typically covered enforcement and legal costs. |
Cost: 3,680,000 in 2011. Gamma distribution with SD of +/-25% of the point-estimate. |
|
Sinking Lid
|
As above for the Salt Tax (i.e., the cost of a new law to require the reduction in supply to the market). |
As above. |
