FIGURE 6.

Insulin-induced increases in AKT and GATA2 phosphorylations are inhibited by carrageenan. A, Ser(P)⁴⁷³-AKT and of Ser(P)⁴⁰¹-GATA2 were detected by FACE assay after the HepG2 cells were treated with insulin (20 nmol/liter × 10 min), carrageenan (1 mg/liter × 24 h, with 4 h in serum-free media), and the combination of insulin and carrageenan. Carrageenan significantly inhibited the insulin-induced phosphorylations of AKT and GATA2 (*** for p < 0.001, n = 6). B, insulin induced and carrageenan inhibited phosphorylation of GATA2 in HepG2 cells, with no impact on total GATA2, as shown by representative Western blot. The insulin-induced increase in Ser(P)⁴⁰¹-GATA2 was inhibited by carrageenan exposure. AKT, protein kinase B; CGN, carrageenan.