Table 2. Nested negative binomial regression models estimating associations with Black all-cause mortality rates.

	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4
	MRR (95% CI)		p	MRR (95% CI)		P	MRR (95% CI)		p	MRR (95% CI)		p
Area racism	1.082 (1.056, 1.108)		<0.001	1.076 (1.052, 1.101)		<0.001	1.057 (1.034, 1.080)		<0.001	1.036 (1.015, 1.057)		0.001
Urbanicity				1.000 (0.999, 1.001)		0.963	1.002 (1.001, 1.004)		0.001	1.004 (1.003, 1.005)		<0.001
% Black				1.006 (1.005, 1.008)		<0.001	1.007 (1.005, 1.009)		<0.001	1.006 (1.004. 1.007)		<0.001
Education							1.003 (0.998, 1.008)		0.199	1.001 (0.996, 1.006)		0.659
Poverty							1.012 (1.008, 1.016)		<0.001	1.010 (1.006, 1.014)		<0.001
White Mortality										1.046 (1.032, 1.059)		<0.001
Psuedo-R2		0.309	<0.001		0.314	<0.001		0.317	<0.001		0.321	<0.001
AIC, RL		14472	<0.001		14371	<0.001		14294	<0.001		14221	<0.001
Alpha		0.025	<0.001		0.022	<0.001		0.020	<0.001		0.018	<0.001

Note: MRR = Mortality Rate Ratio; CI = confidence interval; AIC = Akaike Information Criteria; R_L = Relative Likelihood.

Among ≥ 25 years of age. Race-specific age and sex-adjusted mortality rates weighted using the US 2000 standard population per 100,000 person-years from death certificates and mid-year population counts collated by the National Center for Health Statistics, 2004–2009. Area characteristics at the designated market area level from the American Community Survey, 2004–2009 for urbanicity (% living in a city with ≥ 50,000 people); % Black; education among Blacks (% with up to high school education); and poverty among Blacks (% households in poverty). All models adjusted for individual age, sex, year of death, and Census region.