Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of controls with neurologic disease and patients with Alzheimer disease
| Group; no. (%) or mean ± SD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Characteristic | Overall, n = 57 | Control, n = 27 | Alzheimer disease, n = 30 | p value |
| Age, yr | 68.2 ± 9.7 | 65.2 ± 8.8 | 70.9 ± 9.9 | 0.024 |
| Sex, female | 32 (56.1) | 15 (55.6) | 17 (56.7) | 0.83 |
| MMSE | 20.9 ± 7.8 | 25.6 ± 2.6 | 20.2 ± 6.0 | < 0.001 |
| Educational level* | 0.66 | |||
| Low | 15 (27.8) | 8 (33.3) | 7 (23.3) | |
| Medium | 18 (33.3) | 8 (33.3) | 10 (33.3) | |
| High | 21 (38.9) | 8 (33.3) | 13 (43.3) | |
| MRI characteristics | ||||
| Fazekas score | 1.04 (0.56) | 0.97 (0.63) | 1.14 (0.47) | 0.29 |
| Scheltens scale | 1.75 (1.06) | 1.27 (0.95) | 2.10 (1.02) | 0.005 |
| ApoE4 carriers‡ | 15 (34.9) | 1 (6.3) | 14 (51.9) | 0.002 |
| CSF biomarkers, pg/mL | ||||
| Aβ42 | 632.2 ± 281.8 | 828.2 ± 196.7 | 455.9 ± 231.2 | < 0.001 |
| T-τ | 409.8 ± 310.5 | 200.2 ± 75.9 | 598.5 ± 326.6 | < 0.001 |
| p181τ | 75.8 ± 44.7 | 43.3 ± 17.3 | 102.2 ± 46.1 | < 0.001 |
| CSF JNK3, ODU | 76.2 ± 21.0 | 67.9 ± 19.4 | 83.6 ± 20.2 | 0.004 |
Aβ = amyloid-β; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; MMSE = Mini–Mental State Examination; ODU = optical density units; p181τ = τ phosphorylated at threonine 181; SD = standard deviation; T-τ = total τ.
*
Low = unschooled; medium = middle school or high school; high = postsecondary or more.
†
Average between Scheltens scale from right and left sides.
‡
ApoE score was missing for 15 patients.